Male & Female Reproductive Systems

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following structures is directly responsible for transporting sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?

  • Vas Deferens (correct)
  • Urethra
  • Seminiferous Tubules
  • Epididymis

If the scrotum is unable to maintain the optimal temperature for spermatogenesis, what is the most likely consequence?

  • Increased Libido
  • Decreased Sperm Motility (correct)
  • Normal Sperm Production
  • Increased Testosterone Production

In which of the following scenarios would the endometrium be LEAST likely to thicken?

  • During the second half of the menstrual cycle in preparation for potential pregnancy.
  • When an ovum has been successfully fertilized and implanted in the uterus.
  • Immediately following menstruation to rebuild the uterine lining.
  • When an ovum released from the ovary remains unfertilized. (correct)

Which of the following is the primary role of fimbriae in the female reproductive system?

<p>To guide the ovum into the fallopian tube after ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Considering the average menstrual cycle lasts 28 days, what hormonal event typically occurs around day 14?

<p>Ovulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following lists the female reproductive structures in the order that an unfertilized egg would pass through them?

<p>Ovary, Fallopian Tube, Uterus, Cervix, Vagina (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the primary function of the seminal vesicle?

<p>To secrete a fluid that contributes to semen. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a man has a condition that impairs the function of his prostate gland, which of the following is the most likely consequence?

<p>Reduced semen volume and altered sperm motility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of estrogen in males?

<p>Estrogen assists in regulating bone density and brain function. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely effect of a hormonal imbalance that results in very low levels of testosterone in a male?

<p>Decreased libido and reduced muscle mass (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Scrotum

External sac that holds the testes and regulates their temperature for optimal sperm production.

Testicle

Male gonad responsible for sperm and testosterone production.

Seminiferous Tubules

Tubes within the testicles where sperm cells are formed.

Epididymis

Structure on the testicle where sperm mature and are stored.

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Vas Deferens

Duct that carries sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct.

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Ovary

Female gonad that stores and releases ova (eggs) and produces estrogen.

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Cervix

The gateway between the vagina and the uterus.

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Uterus

The organ where a fetus develops and grows during pregnancy.

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Endometrium

Lining of the uterus that thickens monthly to prepare for pregnancy and is shed if pregnancy doesn't occur.

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Fallopian Tube

Transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus; fertilization usually occurs here.

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Study Notes

  • Scrotum holds the testes and regulates their temperature.
  • Testicles produce sperm and testosterone.
  • Seminiferous tubules are tiny tubes inside the testicles where sperm forms.
  • Epididymis is a structure on the testicle where sperm is stored.
  • Vas Deferens is a tiny duct that carries sperm from the epididymis.
  • Seminal Vesicle secretes liquid that becomes part of semen.
  • Prostate secretes liquid that becomes part of semen.
  • Urethra is the duct that carries semen through the penis.
  • Vagina is where sperm is deposited during intercourse.
  • Cervix is the gateway between the vagina and uterus.
  • Uterus is where the fetus develops and grows during pregnancy.
  • Endometrium is the lining of the uterus that thickens each month to prepare for pregnancy, and is sloughed off if pregnancy does not occur.
  • Fallopian tube transports the egg from the ovary to the uterus.
  • Fimbriae are finger-like projections that guide the ovum into the fallopian tube.
  • Ovary is the female gonad, where ova are stored and released and produces estrogen.
  • Spermatogenesis requires a temperature 1-8 degrees lower than body temperature.
  • Fertility/Low sperm count can be caused by environmental, genetic, or hormonal factors.
  • Billions of sperm are made during a man’s life.
  • 200-400 million sperm are released in a single ejaculation.
  • About 50 sperm will reach the egg, and only one sperm will fertilize the ovum.
  • The average menstrual cycle lasts 28 days.
  • The endometrium thickens and prepares for pregnancy for several days each cycle, becoming rich in blood vessels to nourish a developing baby.
  • Ovulation is the release of the ovum from the ovary, typically around day 14 of the cycle.
  • If the ovum is unfertilized, it dissolves, and the endometrium begins to slough off.
  • For a few days endometrium and blood will be released through the vagina, referred to as a period.
  • Hormones (chemical regulators) control the menstrual cycle.
  • Estrogen is considered the "female" hormone.
  • All hormones are regulatory chemicals.
  • Women have both estrogen and testosterone.
  • Men have both testosterone and estrogen.

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