Male and Female Reproductive System Quiz: Labeling and Anatomy

Study Notes

Male Reproductive System

Produces sperm and releases testosterone
Consists of:
Testes: produces sperm cells
Scrotum: sac of skin that holds the testes
Penis: deposits sperm into the vagina during mating
Vas Deferens: carries sperm from testes to urethra
Urethra: carries sperm and urine out of the body
Glands:
- Seminal Vesicle: secretes fluid that makes up most of semen
- Prostate Gland: secretes slightly alkaline milky fluid as part of semen
- Bulbourethral Gland: secretes thick clear mucus to lubricate and neutralize acidic urine in urethra

Female Reproductive System

Functions:
Releases egg cells
Produces progesterone and estrogen
Provides environment for fertilized egg to develop during pregnancy
Facilitates labor and childbirth
Consists of:
Ovary: produces egg cells
Oviduct: serves as passageway for eggs from ovary to uterus, site of egg fertilization
Uterus: serves as site of egg implantation, where fertilized egg develops
Vagina: receives penis during mating

Puberty

Begins when a child's body starts to develop and change as they become an adult
In girls: develop breasts and start their periods
In boys: develop deeper voice and facial hair starts to appear

Hormones in Reproductive Systems

Pituitary Gland:
Controls function of testes and ovaries
Regulates production of sperm cells and release of semen in males
Regulates growth and release of eggs from ovaries in females
Hormones:
Travel in bloodstream to tissues or organs
Work slowly, affecting growth and development, metabolism, sexual function, reproduction, and mood
Hypothalamus and Pituitary Glands:
Controls function of testes and ovaries
Keeps reproductive system properly functioning
Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GNRH):
Released from nerve cells in the brain
Controls production of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from pituitary gland
Luteinizing Hormone (LH):
In women: helps control menstrual cycle, triggers release of egg from ovary
In men: assists in spermatogenesis, initiates production of testosterone in testes
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH):
In women: stimulates growth of ovarian follicles before ovulation, increases estradiol production
In men: helps control production of sperm

Male Hormones

Androgens: steroid secreted by testes, responsible for maintenance and behavior
Testosterone:
Responsible for male sexual secondary characteristics
Induces spermatogenesis
Strengthens voice, develops facial, axillary, and pubic hair, begins sex drive

Female Hormones

Estrogen:
Helps in endometrial growth, ovulation, and calcium absorption
Responsible for female secondary sexual characteristics, including breast development, flared hips, and faster bone maturation
Progesterone:
Helps with endometrial re-growth, inhibits release of FSH and LH

Description

Test your knowledge on the male and female reproductive systems, including the functions of the male reproductive system, organs like testes, scrotum, and penis, as well as the role of glands in sperm production. Explore topics such as sperm production, testosterone release, and reproductive anatomy.