Questions and Answers
Who was M.S. Handler?
How long was Malcolm visiting Handler's home?
one week
Why did Malcolm believe in separation rather than integration?
it was the only solution since whites were not able to admit full integration
What does 'integration' mean?
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According to Malcolm, what is Christianity?
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How did poor blacks view Malcolm?
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What was the middle class blacks' view of Malcolm?
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What effect did Islam have on Malcolm?
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Why were Negroes of Malcolm's time and enemies respecting him?
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What significant change did Malcolm address in 1964?
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What incident occurred while Malcolm's mother was pregnant with him?
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Where was Malcolm's father during the time their house was surrounded?
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Who was Marcus Garvey?
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What led to the attack by the KKK on Malcolm's family?
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Who was Malcolm's father?
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What motivated Malcolm's father?
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What does Malcolm's mother represent in his life?
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What happened in 1929 involving Malcolm's house?
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After their house was burned down, what did Earl do?
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Why did Malcolm believe that Earl beat Louise?
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What lesson did Malcolm learn from his mother's treatment of children?
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What age was Malcolm when he started going to school?
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What was the argument between Malcolm's parents about?
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What was the Black Legion?
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When did Malcolm's father die?
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How did Malcolm's father die?
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Why didn't Malcolm's family receive insurance money after Earl died?
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How did Malcolm's father's death affect the family?
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When did Malcolm's mother's breakdown begin?
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What was Malcolm's mother's family goal?
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Study Notes
Key Figures and Influences
- M.S. Handler was a white New York Times reporter with 30 years of experience in Europe, analyzing fundamental forces behind the civil rights movement.
- Malcolm X visited Handler's home for one week prior to announcing his separation from Elijah Muhammad.
- Malcolm X viewed Marcus Garvey as a crucial African American leader in the 1920s, advocating for the back-to-Africa movement through the UNIA and was deported in 1927.
Malcolm's Perspectives
- He advocated for separation instead of integration, believing that full integration could not be achieved due to white resistance.
- Integration is defined as the unification of different races, which Malcolm critiqued.
- According to Malcolm, Christianity is perceived as a "slave religion," aimed at maintaining obedience among African Americans.
Community Responses
- Poor African Americans regarded Malcolm as a beloved figure, seeing him as a grandfatherly presence who was approachable yet a national representative.
- Middle-class African Americans, however, believed Malcolm's rhetoric exacerbated their struggles.
Transformational Journey
- Islam significantly transformed Malcolm X's life from crime to a mission of helping others.
- He garnered respect from both Negroes and enemies for articulating the grievances of the oppressed towards white society.
Personal Background
- Malcolm X was born into a tumultuous environment; his mother faced threats from the KKK while pregnant with him.
- His father, Earl Little, was a Baptist minister and organizer for Marcus Garvey, who faced violent opposition for his views on back-to-Africa teachings.
- The family's house was burned down in 1929 due to racial hostility, leading to their relocation.
Family Dynamics
- Earl Little suffered from violence, having lost three brothers, which influenced his life choices.
- Louise Little, Malcolm's mother, struggled with her identity due to her light skin and white ancestry.
- After Earl's death in 1931, attributed to actions from the Black Legion, the family faced financial difficulties as they received no insurance support.
Early Life and Education
- Malcolm started school at the age of five, while his family dynamics were strained by poverty and racial discrimination.
- The family’s financial struggles intensified following Earl's death, pushing Wilford to leave school for work and leading to Louise's emotional breakdown.
Resilience and Struggles
- Malcolm's mother's desire was to maintain family dignity despite the challenges faced, indicating a deep commitment to preserving their heritage and pride.
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Description
Explore the key figures and ideas that shaped Malcolm X's perspectives on civil rights. This quiz delves into his relationships with influential personalities and his critique of integration and Christianity. Test your knowledge on how Malcolm X viewed the civil rights movement and the responses from the African American community.