30 Questions
Which one of the following outcomes is possible in the healing/repair process?
All of the above
Which type of inflammation occurs when injury is more severe and there is increased vascular permeability?
Fibrinous inflammation
What is the outcome of an abscess?
Scarring
Which type of exudate is protein-rich and contains fibrinogen and other plasma proteins?
Fibrinous exudate
What is the term for large amounts of pus (neutrophils, edema, necrotic cells) typical of inflammation?
Suppurative inflammation
Which cells produce the components of the interstitial matrix in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?
Fibroblasts
What is the consequence of autocrine signaling via growth factors secreted from the remaining liver tissue after partial hepatectomy?
Compensatory hyperplasia
Which process involves the migration of endothelial cells from the original capillary to the site of the angiogenic stimulus?
Angiogenesis
Which growth factors stimulate fibroblast recruitment and proliferation in scar formation?
PDGF, FGF-2, and TGF-beta
What is the consequence of proteolytic degradation of the parent vessel basement membrane in angiogenesis?
Formation of new sprout
Which cells produce the enzymes that digest the initial collagen in scar remodeling?
Fibroblasts
Which growth factors stimulate enzyme production in scar remodeling?
All of the above
Which type of wound healing involves regeneration predominating over fibrosis?
First intention
What happens during the second week and beyond in first intention wound healing?
Tensile strength improves
What accounts for the tensile strength of the repaired area in wound healing?
Collagen secretion
Which type of inflammation is characterized by the presence of pus?
Suppurative/purulent inflammation
What are the possible outcomes of acute inflammation?
Resolution, chronic inflammation, and repair
Which book is suggested reading for further information on the topic?
Robbins Basic Pathology by Kumar, Abbas, and Aster
What are the two factors that determine whether normal tissue structure and function will be restored in an area of injury and necrosis?
Capacity and growth factors
Which type of inflammation is characterized by the formation of a granuloma?
Chronic inflammation
Which type of inflammation is characterized by the presence of mononuclear cells such as macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells?
Chronic inflammation
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of abscesses?
All of the above
What is the term used to describe erosion and necrosis of an area of surface epithelium with associated acute and chronic inflammation beneath the epithelial surface?
Ulceration
Which cells are responsible for tissue destruction in chronic inflammation?
Macrophages
What is the process by which macrophages increase in size, metabolic activity, and amount of lysosomal enzymes in response to receptor-mediated binding of cytokines and other chemical mediators?
Activation
Which cells have the least capacity for regeneration?
Permanent cells
What is the distinct histologic pattern of chronic inflammation that involves formation of granulomas?
Granulomatous inflammation
What determines whether injury with substantial necrosis will result in restitution of normal structure or a permanent scar?
Both factors are equally important
What are the two factors that determine whether injury with substantial necrosis will result in restitution of normal structure or a permanent scar?
The extent of damage to the tissue framework and the regenerative capacity of the cells in the injured tissue
What is the role of growth factors in cell proliferation and repair?
All of the above
Test your knowledge on the activation and functions of macrophages in inflammation and repair. Learn about the pathways that activate macrophages and the enzymes and growth factors they produce. Understand their role in clearing debris and initiating processes like angiogenesis and fibrosis. Explore how macrophage numbers change in acute and chronic inflammation.
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