19 Questions
Which factor is the predominant factor in protein stability?
Hydrophobic effect
What is true regarding protein structure?
Hydrophobic side chains are in the interior of the native protein
Why is there so little allowable rotation in the peptide bond?
The partial double bond character makes the peptide bond planar
What stabilizes the α helix?
Stabilized by hydrophobic amino acids
What primarily stabilizes the β sheet?
Primarily stabilized by hydrogen bonds
Which is the more stable β sheet: parallel or antiparallel?
Antiparallel due to more linear hydrogen bonds
Which statement regarding the tertiary structure of proteins is false?
Many proteins can be classified as either globular or fibrous, but not both
What does denaturing followed by renaturing of a protein demonstrate?
Demonstrates that primary structure dictates tertiary structure
What is needed for acid-base equilibrium concepts to be applied to amino acids, including titration curve, ionization states, and pI?
Knowledge of buffer solutions and Henderson-Hasselbach equation
What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
In any spontaneous process, there is always an increase in the entropy of the universe
What is the primary function of hemoglobin?
Transport of oxygen in the blood
Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of proteins such as alpha helices and beta sheets?
Hydrogen bond
What is the main function of myoglobin in muscle cells?
Stores oxygen for use during muscle contraction
What effect does 2,3-BPG have on hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
Decreases affinity for oxygen
In the context of protein-ligand binding, what does the term 'cooperativity' refer to?
The binding of multiple ligands to different protein subunits
Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?
Disulfide bond
What is the main function of antibodies in the immune system?
Recognition and neutralization of antigens
8
Lipids are the only macromolecules that are not polymers.
What is the primary role of buffers like glycine in biological systems?
Maintaining stable pH levels in cells and tissues
Test your knowledge on macromolecules such as nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, as well as the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Questions also cover weak interactions like hydrophobic effects, hydrogen bonding, and Van der Waals interactions, water structure and its role as a solvent, buffers including glycine and Henderson Hasselbach acid-base relationship, amino acid structure and codes, peptide bonds, disulfide bonds, and protein structure.
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