Macromolecules and Thermodynamics Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which factor is the predominant factor in protein stability?

  • Disulfide bond
  • Hydrophobic effect (correct)
  • Nonpeptide covalent bonds
  • Salt bridges

What is true regarding protein structure?

  • Van der Waals interactions are insignificant
  • Hydrophobic side chains are in the interior of the native protein (correct)
  • Entropy is not a consideration when determining stability
  • Hydrophilic side chains are never found in the interior

Why is there so little allowable rotation in the peptide bond?

  • The partial double bond character makes the peptide bond planar (correct)
  • The R group prevents rotation about the peptide bond except for glycine
  • Peptide bonds are amide bonds
  • The C-N bond is shorter
  • Peptide bonds are only formed in the cis configuration

What stabilizes the α helix?

<p>Stabilized by hydrophobic amino acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What primarily stabilizes the β sheet?

<p>Primarily stabilized by hydrogen bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is the more stable β sheet: parallel or antiparallel?

<p>Antiparallel due to more linear hydrogen bonds (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement regarding the tertiary structure of proteins is false?

<p>Many proteins can be classified as either globular or fibrous, but not both (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does denaturing followed by renaturing of a protein demonstrate?

<p>Demonstrates that primary structure dictates tertiary structure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is needed for acid-base equilibrium concepts to be applied to amino acids, including titration curve, ionization states, and pI?

<p>Knowledge of buffer solutions and Henderson-Hasselbach equation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the second law of thermodynamics state?

<p>In any spontaneous process, there is always an increase in the entropy of the universe (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hemoglobin?

<p>Transport of oxygen in the blood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the secondary structure of proteins such as alpha helices and beta sheets?

<p>Hydrogen bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of myoglobin in muscle cells?

<p>Stores oxygen for use during muscle contraction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect does 2,3-BPG have on hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?

<p>Decreases affinity for oxygen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of protein-ligand binding, what does the term 'cooperativity' refer to?

<p>The binding of multiple ligands to different protein subunits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of bond is responsible for stabilizing the tertiary structure of a protein?

<p>Disulfide bond (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of antibodies in the immune system?

<p>Recognition and neutralization of antigens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

8

<p>Lipids are the only macromolecules that are not polymers. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of buffers like glycine in biological systems?

<p>Maintaining stable pH levels in cells and tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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