Questions and Answers
Hvad er hovedfokus på i makroøkonomi?
Samfundsøkonomien som helhed
Hvad er BNP?
Det totale værdi af varer og service produceret inden for landets grænser
Hvad er inflation?
En permanent stigning i prisen på varer og service over tid
Hvad er valutakurs?
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Hvad er balance of payments?
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Hvad er globalisering?
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Study Notes
Macroeconomics in International Economy
Definition and Scope
- Macroeconomics studies the economy as a whole, focusing on aggregate variables such as GDP, inflation, and unemployment.
- In an international economy, macroeconomics examines the interactions between countries and the global economy.
Key Concepts
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP): The total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders.
- Gross National Product (GNP): The total value of goods and services produced by a country's citizens, regardless of location.
- Inflation: A sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services in an economy over time.
- Exchange Rates: The price of one country's currency in terms of another country's currency.
International Trade and Finance
- Balance of Payments: A record of a country's international transactions, including trade in goods and services, income, and financial claims.
- Current Account: The part of the balance of payments that records a country's trade in goods and services, income, and transfers.
- Capital Account: The part of the balance of payments that records a country's transactions in financial assets and liabilities.
- Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Investment in a foreign country, either by buying a company or by building new operations.
Globalization and Economic Integration
- Globalization: The increasing integration of economies worldwide, led by trade and investment.
- Economic Integration: The process of forming closer economic ties between countries, including free trade agreements and economic unions.
- Regional Trading Blocs: Groups of countries that have formed free trade agreements, such as the European Union and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
International Economic Institutions
- International Monetary Fund (IMF): An organization that promotes global monetary cooperation, exchange rate stability, and international trade.
- World Bank: An organization that provides financing and advice to developing countries to promote economic growth and reduce poverty.
- World Trade Organization (WTO): An organization that sets and enforces the rules for international trade, aiming to promote free and fair trade.
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