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A community of living organisms, such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, that interact with each other in a specific habitat or environment.

A geographic area considered with regards to its suitability to support a specific community of life.

A dynamic complex of plant, animal, and micro-organism communities and their non-living environment interacting as a functional unit.

The effect that occurs when a few individuals start a new population, leading to reduced genetic diversity.

A species that is not native to a specific location, and which has a tendency to spread to a degree believed to cause damage to the environment, human economy or human health.

Factors that influence the process of evolution like natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation.

Interactions between organisms, such as competition, predation, mutualism, and parasitism.

A specific DNA sequence used to identify individuals or populations.

Repetitive DNA sequences used for genetic analysis due to their high variability.

A principle stating that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of other evolutionary influences.

The role and position a species has in its environment; how it meets its needs for food and shelter, how it survives, and how it reproduces.

Random mating within a population.

An event that disrupts the structure and function of an ecosystem.

The presence of multiple forms (alleles) of a gene within a population.

A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area and interbreeding.

A diagram that shows the flow of energy and nutrients from one organism to another in an ecological community.

The ability of an ecosystem to recover from disturbance and return to its original state.

The process by which certain traits become more or less common in a population due to differential survival and reproduction.

The process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time.

The contribution an individual makes to the gene pool of the next generation relative to the contributions of other individuals.