TRENDS CH. 8

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Questions and Answers

The student nurse has an adequate understanding of nursing theory when correctly identifying which individual as the first nurse theorist?

  • Leininger
  • Nightingale (correct)
  • Rogers
  • Peplau

A nurse wishes to incorporate Dorothea Orem's theory into practice. Which action by the nurse encompasses this theory?

  • The patient's spouse assumes all responsibility for the patient's medications.
  • The nurse completes the AM care for a patient.
  • The patient knows his or her own medication dosages and what time they are due.
  • The patient gets dressed with help from the nurse. (correct)

The nurse has an adequate understanding of the four major metaparadigms when making which comment to a colleague? "The four major metaparadigms are

  • nursing, environment, health, and illness."
  • person, environment/situation, health, and nursing." (correct)
  • nursing, environment, person, and society."
  • person, society, wellness, and health/illness."

What is a common thread in the majority of definitions of a nursing theory?

<p>Words or phrases that present a direction to how interrelated concepts can provide a reference for the study and the delivery of nursing care (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Roy's adaptation model capitalized on health and wellness based on how well one copes with stressors and the environment. Which statement by the nurse shows understanding of equilibrium? "Equilibrium is reached through adaptation of our

<p>physiological needs.&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the systems model of Neuman, nursing helps reduce the stressors to health through

<p>prevention on three levels—primary, secondary, and tertiary. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse has been studying theory in class. Which of the following statements indicates that the nurse has an adequate understanding of theory?

<p>&quot;A theory can be used to predict something.&quot; (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A student in the last semester of nursing school interprets nursing as

<p>a science based on scientific research providing practice answers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is listening to a nurse manager give a presentation on nursing theory. The nurse identifies which statement as being indicative of nursing theory?

<p>&quot;Created by nurses, for nurses, in understanding the nursing process.” (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is giving a speech on the nursing theory of Madeline Leininger. Which statement by the nurse indicates an understanding of this theory? "Madeline Leininger's theory is a theory that

<p>considers the impact of culture on the person's health.&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Systems-oriented theorists include

<p>Neuman, Roy, and Johnson. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse is working in an Asian neighborhood of a large metropolitan city. In attempting to meet the cultural needs of this segment of the population, the nurse could apply whose nursing theory to the organization of nursing care required by these residents?

<p>Madeline Leininger (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A middle-aged patient has experienced a myocardial infarction that has significantly limited activities and lifestyle. The patient is exercising and working with a nurse in the cardiac rehabilitation program. This is an example of the implementation of which nursing theory?

<p>Dorothy Orem's interwoven theories of self-care, self-care deficit, and nursing care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A nurse would like to improve personal practice by utilizing nursing theory. What action can the nurse take to begin incorporating nursing theory into practice?

<p>Learn about nursing theories. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The overall theme of Nightingale's theory was that the person's health is influenced by the environment. Which of the following actions by Nightingale support this theme?

<p>Fed the soldiers healthy food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Florence Nightingale believed that the environment impacts the patient's health. Which of the following actions by the nurse incorporates Nightingale's theory into practice today?

<p>Providing the patient with clean linen daily (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following would correctly evaluate the effectiveness of Nightingale's actions to increase the health of the Crimean War soldiers?

<p>Deaths declined because of increased cleanliness. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Using Betty Neuman's conceptual model, what action by the nurse would indicate primary prevention?

<p>Exercising every other day (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient comes to the emergency department with an active myocardial infarction. Which action by the nurse indicates secondary prevention?

<p>Perform an ECG to assess for damage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A patient is recovering from a femur repair after a car crash. The following day, lab results indicate that the hemoglobin is dangerously low and the patient needs to receive blood. The patient has identified as a Jehovah's Witness and has refused to receive the blood. Which action should the nurse take?

<p>Notify the physician of the patient's decision. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nursing interventions can be performed by the nurse based on Jean Watson's Caring Theory? (Select all that apply.)

<p>Assist with basic human needs. (A), Sit down and have a conversation with the patient. (B), Ask the patient for input regarding received care. (C), Encourage the patient to express personal feelings. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following action(s) by the nurse incorporates the Culture Care Theory? (Select all that apply.)

<p>Allowing the patient to experience healing according to his/her culture (A), Being respectful of different religions (B), Becoming educated about different cultures (C), Being mindful of folk practices (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Florence Nightingale

First nurse theorist, environment influences health.

Orem's Self-Care Theory

Nursing actions to help overcome self-care limitations.

Four Major Metaparadigms

Metaparadigms: person, environment/situation, health, and nursing

Nursing Theory

Words joined to form a theme, describing nursing care.

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Roy's Adaptation Model

How well one copes with stressors and the environment.

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Neuman's Systems Model

Reduction of stressors through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.

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Understanding Theory

Words joined to explain, describe, or predict something.

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Nursing as a Science

Sound scientific research provides practice answers.

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Purpose of Nursing Theory

Direction to meet patient needs indirectly or directly

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Leininger's Theory

Impact of culture on the person's health.

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Oriented theorists include

Systems, Adaptation and Behavioral Systems Models

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Leiningeer's focusing on culture

Impact of culture on health and caring practices.

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Theories of self care

Implementing Roy's Adaptation to stimuli and stressors

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Improving personal practice

Improve personal practices for clean living

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Nightingale theory of health

Person's health is influenced by the environment

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Neuman's conceptual model

Disease and illness.

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The secondary prevention

Once Illness stikes

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Leininger's Culture Care Theory

Each patient's religion and cultural practices

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Examination of phenomena Rogers

Examine Phenomena energy fields

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Culture Care Theory

Respect for different religions

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Study Notes

First Nurse Theorist

  • Florence Nightingale is considered the first nursing theorist

Nightingale's Theory

  • The environment influences a person’s health

Orem's Theory

  • Dorothea Orem’s theory revolves around self-care
  • Nursing helps to overcome or prevent self-care limitations
  • Nursing assists those who cannot care for themselves

Four Major Metaparadigms

  • The main ideas of nursing theory involves nursing, person, health, and the environment/situation

Nursing Theory Definitions

  • Theories use words or concepts joined to form a theme
  • Theories describe, explain, and predict nursing care

Roy's Adaptation Model

  • Health and wellness relies on coping with stressors and the environment
  • Equilibrium is adaptation of physiological needs

Roy's Identified Needs

  • These include exercise and rest, nutrition, elimination, fluid and electrolytes, oxygenation and circulation, and regulation of temperature, senses, and the endocrine system

Neuman's Systems Model

  • Nursing helps reduce stressors through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention
  • Primary preventions stops illness
  • Secondary prevention is what to do when illness strikes
  • Tertiary prevention is the rehabilitation after an illness

Understanding of Theory

  • Understanding of theory means it can be used to predict something

Nursing as a Science

  • Nursing is based on evidence-based scientific research that guides practice

Nursing Theory

  • Nursing theory is created by nurses and for nurses who provide patient care

Leininger's Theory

  • Madeline Leininger’s theory considers the impact of culture on a person’s health and caring practices

Systems-Oriented Theorists

  • Include Betty Neuman, Sister Callista Roy, and Dorothy Johnson

Leininger's Theory Focus

  • Focuses on culture's impact on a person’s health and caring practices

Orem's Theory Focus

  • Revolves around self-care, self-care deficit, and the nursing system

Nightingale's Actions

  • Nightingale began feeding soldiers healthy food within a cleaned medical area
  • Soldier mortality rates fell after those actions

Primary Prevention (Neuman's Model)

  • Exercising every other day

Secondary Prevention (Neuman's Model)

  • Performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) with a patient who has myocardial infarction

Culture Care Theory

  • Theory states that nurses need to be mindful and respectful of each patient’s religion and cultural practices

Jean Watson's Caring Theory Involves

  • Assisting with basic human needs
  • Encouraging to express his/her feelings
  • Asking patient input regarding their care
  • Sitting down and having conversation with person

Culture Care Theory Incorporates

  • Educating about different cultures
  • Being mindful of folk practices
  • Respecting different religions
  • Allowing patient to experience healing according to his/her culture

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