Questions and Answers
What type of muscle is primarily responsible for the milking action of the root of the tongue?
Which main function is associated with the rhythmic contraction of smooth muscle walls in vessels?
What anatomical feature surrounds the openings of the auditory tubes into the pharynx?
Which set of tonsils is NOT mentioned as one of the three main sets?
Signup and view all the answers
What action does the skeletal muscle perform in relation to the root of the tongue?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following best describes the relationship between the tonsils and the auditory tubes?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a defining characteristic of lymphangioma circumscriptum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary reason for the development of cavernous lymphangiomas?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following treatments is NOT mentioned for managing lymphangiomas?
Signup and view all the answers
How does the lymphatic system primarily differ from the circulatory system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of lymphoid tissue in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following components is absent in lymphatic capillaries?
Signup and view all the answers
What function does the lymphatic system serve in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the approximate amount of interstitial fluid that the lymphatic system returns to the blood daily?
Signup and view all the answers
What type of white blood cells are primarily produced in lymphatic tissue rather than bone marrow?
Signup and view all the answers
Which area is least likely to be associated with lymphangioma circumscriptum?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the approximate size range of lymphatic capillaries?
Signup and view all the answers
What characteristic of lymphatic endothelial cells helps to anchor them to surrounding tissues?
Signup and view all the answers
In the lymphatic system, what is lymph primarily composed of?
Signup and view all the answers
Which feature describes the appearance of lymph after a meal?
Signup and view all the answers
What outcome results from the failure of proper connections in the lymphatic system?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is a main role of white blood cells in the body?
Signup and view all the answers
What component is generally missing from lymphatic capillaries?
Signup and view all the answers
Which part of the body contains no lymphatic capillaries?
Signup and view all the answers
How much of the impurities does reticular cells in lymph nodes typically remove?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the tonsils?
Signup and view all the answers
Which epithelium type covers the lymphoid tissue of the tonsils?
Signup and view all the answers
What is a characteristic feature of the tonsils?
Signup and view all the answers
What differentiates palatine tonsils from other tonsil types?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the lymphatic flow pathway leading to the circulatory system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the nature of the lymphatic system?
Signup and view all the answers
Where are the pharyngeal tonsils located?
Signup and view all the answers
What causes tonsillitis most commonly?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes the pressure gradient in the lymphatic system?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary function of the right lymphatic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
Which lymphatic trunk does NOT drain into the thoracic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
At which level does the thoracic duct cross to the left side of the body?
Signup and view all the answers
Where does the right lymphatic duct empty lymph?
Signup and view all the answers
What region does the thoracic duct primarily drain?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement accurately describes the relative size of the right lymphatic duct compared to the thoracic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
Which lymphatic trunk does NOT contribute to the collection of lymph for the right lymphatic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary drainage route for the thoracic duct?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the thoracic duct primarily drain?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Lymphangioma Circumscripta
- Microcytic lymphatic malformation; appears as clusters of small, firm blisters filled with lymph fluid.
- Commonly found on the neck, underarm, and tongue.
- Management options include surgical excision, radiation therapy, sclerotherapy, and the use of OK-432.
Overview of the Lymphatic System
- Comprising tissues, organs, and vessels, the lymphatic system maintains the body’s fluid balance and protects against pathogens.
- Functions similarly to the circulatory system but is a one-way system; lymph does not circulate in loops like blood.
- Collects interstitial fluid (2-4 liters/day) from tissues and delivers it to the bloodstream.
Hemopoiesis
- Reticular cells in lymphatic nodes remove approximately 99% of impurities.
- Certain white blood cells (lymphocytes, monocytes) are produced in lymphatic tissue rather than bone marrow.
Body Defense and Immunity
- Lymphoid tissue is integral to the immune system, offering diffuse surveillance across body tissues and organs.
- Primary role of white blood cells is defense against pathogens and damaged cells.
Lymph
- Clear, straw-colored fluid with less protein than plasma; appears milky after meals due to lipids.
- Two major lymphatic ducts exist:
- Thoracic duct (left) collects lymph from various left-sided trunks (bronchomediastinal, subclavian, jugular) and drains into the left subclavian vein.
- Right lymphatic duct drains lymph from the right side of the head, neck, upper limb, and thorax.
Tonsils
- Masses of lymphoidal tissue found in the pharynx, covered by epithelial crypts that capture bacteria and debris.
- Form a protective ring known as Waldeyer’s ring, with three main sets:
- Pharyngeal (adenoids): located behind the nasal cavity.
- Palatine: largest and most commonly infected.
- Lingual: found at the root of the tongue.
Lymph Flow
- Follows the pathway: lymph > afferent lymphatic vessels > lymph node > efferent lymphatic vessels > lymphatic duct > circulatory system.
- Operates under a pressure gradient above 60 mmHg; is a passive system without a central pump.
- Lymph moves toward the heart through accumulation of proteins, skeletal muscle action, breathing movements, and smooth muscle contractions.
Structural Features of Lymphatic Capillaries
- High porosity enables interstitial fluid uptake.
- Very small tight junctions between endothelial cells create a selective permeability barrier.
- Anchoring filaments secure lymphatic endothelial cells to surrounding tissues.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the characteristics and types of lymphatic malformations, focusing on Lymphangioma Circumscriptum and Cavernous Lymphangiomas. This quiz provides insights into their appearances, common locations, and underlying causes in the lymphatic system.