Lymphatic System and Immune Response

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Where do stimulated lymphocytes travel to through efferent lymphatic vessels?

Bone marrow
Regional blood vessels
Regional lymph nodes (correct)
Thymus

What is the primary function of the thymus?

Production of antibodies
Activation of immune responses
Maturation of B-cells
Maturation of T-cells (correct)

Where do effector cells enter after proliferation in regional lymph nodes?

General circulation (correct)
Regional lymph nodes
Bone marrow
Thymus

What term is used to describe lymphoid tissues that are well organized and encapsulated?

Lymphoid organ (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where do immature and maturing T-cells reside in the thymus?

Cortex (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about the thymus compared to secondary lymphoid organs?

It lacks nodules and afferent lymphatic vessels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the larger and more immature T-cells?

Outer cortex (D) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to T-cells that fail to mature properly?

They are removed by macrophages (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the cells that form the structural framework of the thymic parenchyma?

Epithelial (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Hassall's corpuscles in the thymic medulla?

Their function is unknown (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the site of negative selection in the thymus?

Medulla (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of lymph nodes in the immune response?

To interact with antigens, antigen presenting cells, and lymphocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the thymus with advancing age?

It becomes smaller and is replaced by adipose tissue (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the shape of lymph nodes?

Bean-shaped (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the cortical sinuses?

To connect the subcapsular sinus to the medullary sinuses (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the region of the lymph node where lymphocytes are most concentrated?

Cortex (D) Signup and view all the answers

Through which vessels does lymph enter the lymph node?

Afferent lymphatic vessels (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the region of the lymph node where the blood supply enters and leaves?

Hilum (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of high endothelial venules in lymph nodes?

To allow lymphocytes to enter the lymph node from the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where are B-lymphocytes typically localized in the lymph node cortex?

In lymphoid follicles just beneath the capsule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name given to focal points of intense B-cell proliferation in lymphoid follicles during an immune response?

Germinal centers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cellular component of the medullary cords in the lymph node?

Macrophages and antibody-secreting plasma cells (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the reticular fibers in the lymph node?

To support the lymphocytes (B) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the spleen located in the body?

In the upper left quadrant of the abdomen (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the spleen?

Disposal of senescent blood cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost layer of the spleen?

Capsule (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of cells are found in the periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (PALS)?

T-cells (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the red pulp in the spleen?

Disposal of senescent erythrocytes (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the small white nodules embedded in the red pulp?

White nodules (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the region surrounding the follicle in the white pulp?

Mantle zone (C) Signup and view all the answers