Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of lung cancer was confirmed in the patient?
What type of lung cancer was confirmed in the patient?
- Lung sarcoma
- Non-small cell lung carcinoma (correct)
- Small cell lung carcinoma
- Mesothelioma
What characteristic of the lung nodule suggests malignancy?
What characteristic of the lung nodule suggests malignancy?
- Location in the lower lobe
- Regular borders
- Size of 1 cm
- Irregular borders (correct)
Why is a CT scan preferred over an X-ray for lung nodule assessment?
Why is a CT scan preferred over an X-ray for lung nodule assessment?
- CT scans use less radiation
- CT scans do not require patient positioning
- CT scans are less expensive
- CT scans can provide 3D imaging (correct)
What symptom is commonly associated with lung cancer in patients?
What symptom is commonly associated with lung cancer in patients?
What is the recommended patient position for a CT scan of the lungs?
What is the recommended patient position for a CT scan of the lungs?
What is an important preparation step when performing a CT scan with IV contrast?
What is an important preparation step when performing a CT scan with IV contrast?
What is a key advantage of using IV contrast in a CT scan?
What is a key advantage of using IV contrast in a CT scan?
What factor increases the risk of lung cancer in the presented patient?
What factor increases the risk of lung cancer in the presented patient?
What size classification does a 3 cm nodule fall under in the TNM staging system?
What size classification does a 3 cm nodule fall under in the TNM staging system?
Which imaging technique is important for better evaluation of nodules?
Which imaging technique is important for better evaluation of nodules?
What does a biopsy confirm in relation to lung nodules?
What does a biopsy confirm in relation to lung nodules?
Which system assists in managing appointment times and patient preparation for CT scans?
Which system assists in managing appointment times and patient preparation for CT scans?
Which of the following features in a nodule is suggestive of malignancy?
Which of the following features in a nodule is suggestive of malignancy?
What is a primary characteristic of the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)?
What is a primary characteristic of the Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)?
How does the Electronic Health Record (EHR) utilize imaging results?
How does the Electronic Health Record (EHR) utilize imaging results?
What common image features support the diagnosis of malignancy in lung nodules?
What common image features support the diagnosis of malignancy in lung nodules?
Flashcards
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC)
A type of lung cancer that accounts for the majority of lung cancer cases and is often linked to smoking.
CT Scan
CT Scan
A medical imaging technique that creates detailed, cross-sectional images of the lungs to visualize lung nodules.
Lung Nodule
Lung Nodule
A small mass or swelling in the lung, which can be benign (not cancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
CT Scan - High Resolution
CT Scan - High Resolution
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CT Scan - 3D Imaging
CT Scan - 3D Imaging
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Smoking and Lung Cancer Risk
Smoking and Lung Cancer Risk
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CT Scan Contrast
CT Scan Contrast
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Patient History Factors (Lung Cancer)
Patient History Factors (Lung Cancer)
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MPR in CT
MPR in CT
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Spiculated Edges
Spiculated Edges
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Heterogeneity in Nodule
Heterogeneity in Nodule
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TNM Staging
TNM Staging
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Biopsy for Lung Nodule
Biopsy for Lung Nodule
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PACS Function
PACS Function
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RIS for Scheduling
RIS for Scheduling
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EHR Integration
EHR Integration
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Study Notes
Scenario
- A 60-year-old smoker presents with chronic cough and chest pain.
- A chest X-ray reveals a suspicious mass.
- A CT scan confirms a 3cm nodule in the right upper lobe with irregular borders.
- Biopsy shows non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC).
Identifying Pathology
- NSCLC accounts for 85% of lung cancers.
- Smoking is strongly associated with NSCLC.
- Irregular borders and location (upper lobe) in the nodule suggest malignancy.
Why CT Scan is Best
- High-resolution cross-sectional images allow for detailed visualization of lung nodules.
- 3D imaging aids in assessing nodule size, shape, and location.
- Detects small lesions, crucial for early cancer diagnosis.
- IV contrast helps differentiate benign from malignant lesions.
Patient History and Symptoms
- Age (60) and smoking history increase lung cancer risk.
- Chronic cough and chest pain are common lung cancer symptoms, linked to tumor growth.
- Suspicious X-ray findings necessitate further investigation (CT scan).
How to Perform the CT Scan
- Preparation: Inform patient about procedure, including IV contrast, address allergies.
- Positioning: Supine position with arms elevated to prevent artifacts.
- Acquisition Parameters: Thin slice protocol (eg.: 1-2mm) for higher spatial resolution, non-contrast and contrast-enhanced scans as needed.
Post-Processing
- Multiplanar reconstruction (MPR) for better nodule evaluation.
Analyze CT Scan
- Nodule size (3cm) and irregular borders suggest malignancy.
- Location in right upper lobe is common in primary lung cancers.
- Staging assessment (T1) requires further evaluation
Confirm Diagnosis
- Biopsy confirms non-small cell lung carcinoma.
- Histological examination provides detailed diagnosis (e.g., adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma).
How Images are Stored
- CT images are stored in a Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS).
- PACS system allows simultaneous access by multiple users and facilitates manipulation.
Role of RIS in Scheduling
- Scheduling CT procedures efficiently.
- Tracks procedures from order entry to image interpretation.
- Links with PACS to ensure image accuracy and timeliness.
EHR Integration of Imaging Results
- Electronic Health Record (EHR) integrates imaging results with the Hospital Information System (HIS).
- Comprehensive patient record, including imaging findings.
- Access to imaging data assists healthcare providers with informed decisions and follow-up.
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