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Questions and Answers
Which spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
Which spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
What is the sensory innervation provided by the iliohypogastric nerve's lateral cutaneous branch?
What is the sensory innervation provided by the iliohypogastric nerve's lateral cutaneous branch?
What muscle is NOT innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve?
What muscle is NOT innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve?
Which of the following conditions is a common cause of damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
Which of the following conditions is a common cause of damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
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Which spinal nerve segments are involved in the formation of the femoral nerve?
Which spinal nerve segments are involved in the formation of the femoral nerve?
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What is primarily supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve's motor innervation?
What is primarily supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve's motor innervation?
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Which muscle is responsible for plantarflexion of the ankle?
Which muscle is responsible for plantarflexion of the ankle?
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Where does the ilioinguinal nerve primarily travel?
Where does the ilioinguinal nerve primarily travel?
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What is the primary sensory function of the superficial fibular nerve?
What is the primary sensory function of the superficial fibular nerve?
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What clinical sign is associated with damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
What clinical sign is associated with damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
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Which area of the body receives sensory innervation from the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
Which area of the body receives sensory innervation from the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
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What is a common consequence of damage to the ilioinguinal nerve?
What is a common consequence of damage to the ilioinguinal nerve?
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Which nerve originates from both the medial and lateral sural cutaneous nerves?
Which nerve originates from both the medial and lateral sural cutaneous nerves?
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What structure does the iliohypogastric nerve pierce?
What structure does the iliohypogastric nerve pierce?
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Which of the following muscles does NOT receive innervation from the tibial nerve?
Which of the following muscles does NOT receive innervation from the tibial nerve?
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What muscle is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve in males?
What muscle is innervated by the genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve in males?
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Which of the following nerves provides sensory innervation to the skin over the pubis?
Which of the following nerves provides sensory innervation to the skin over the pubis?
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Which nerve is responsible for lateral rotation of the knee?
Which nerve is responsible for lateral rotation of the knee?
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Which terminal branch of the tibial nerve innervates the medial aspect of toes I to IV?
Which terminal branch of the tibial nerve innervates the medial aspect of toes I to IV?
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What structure does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve pass beneath as it emerges from the lateral border of the psoas major muscle?
What structure does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve pass beneath as it emerges from the lateral border of the psoas major muscle?
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Which muscle is NOT located in the posterior compartment of the leg?
Which muscle is NOT located in the posterior compartment of the leg?
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Which nerve originates from the lower lateral border of the psoas major muscle?
Which nerve originates from the lower lateral border of the psoas major muscle?
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What is the primary motor function of the deep fibular nerve?
What is the primary motor function of the deep fibular nerve?
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Which branch of the genitofemoral nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior scrotal skin in males?
Which branch of the genitofemoral nerve provides sensory innervation to the anterior scrotal skin in males?
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Which nerve is responsible for the motor supply of the hip adductors?
Which nerve is responsible for the motor supply of the hip adductors?
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What is the primary sensory innervation provided by the saphenous nerve?
What is the primary sensory innervation provided by the saphenous nerve?
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Which nerve innervates the gluteus maximus muscle?
Which nerve innervates the gluteus maximus muscle?
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Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve?
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the obturator nerve?
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What function does the obturator nerve NOT primarily assist with?
What function does the obturator nerve NOT primarily assist with?
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Which branch is specifically associated with skin over the proximal part of the medial thigh?
Which branch is specifically associated with skin over the proximal part of the medial thigh?
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The sacral plexus is formed by the ventral rami of which spinal nerves?
The sacral plexus is formed by the ventral rami of which spinal nerves?
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Which muscle does the superior gluteal nerve NOT innervate?
Which muscle does the superior gluteal nerve NOT innervate?
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What is the primary function of the pudendal nerve?
What is the primary function of the pudendal nerve?
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Which nerve supplies the inferior gemellus muscle?
Which nerve supplies the inferior gemellus muscle?
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Which area does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve primarily supply?
Which area does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve primarily supply?
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What is the composition of the sciatic nerve?
What is the composition of the sciatic nerve?
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Which muscles do the tibial nerve innervate?
Which muscles do the tibial nerve innervate?
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Where does the nerve to the obturator internus exit the pelvic cavity?
Where does the nerve to the obturator internus exit the pelvic cavity?
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Which structure is NOT directly innervated by the pudendal nerve?
Which structure is NOT directly innervated by the pudendal nerve?
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Which branch of the sacral plexus originates from S2 to S4?
Which branch of the sacral plexus originates from S2 to S4?
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Study Notes
Lumbar Plexus
- Spinal nerves L1-L4 contribute to the lumbar plexus, along with the anterior ramus of T12.
Iliohypogastric Nerve (T12 - L1)
- Originates from spinal nerves T12 and L1.
- Innervates the quadratus lumborum muscle and the transverse abdominal muscle.
- Has anterior and lateral cutaneous branches.
- Anterior branch innervates the skin of the suprapubic region.
- Lateral branch innervates the skin of the posterolateral gluteal region.
Ilioinguinal Nerve (L1)
- Originates from spinal nerve L1.
- Posterior to the psoas major, passing through the quadratus lumborum and internal oblique muscles.
- Exits the inguinal canal through the superficial inguinal ring.
- Innervates the skin over the pubis, genital regions, and superior antero-medial thigh.
- Motor innervations to the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles
Genitofemoral Nerve (L1-L2)
- Arises from lumbar spinal nerves L1 and L2.
- Divides into femoral and genital branches after passing the psoas major muscle.
- Femoral branch innervates the skin of the anterior, upper, and medial thigh aspects.
- Genital branch supplies the anterior scrotal skin in males and the mons pubis, labia majora in females.
- Motor innervation to the cremaster muscle in males.
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (L2-L3)
- Originates from the lateral border of the psoas major muscle.
- Passes through the inguinal ligament, anterior to the sartorius muscle.
- Sensory innervation to the parietal peritoneum of the iliac fossa.
- Innervates the skin of the anterior and posterior lateral thigh to the knee.
Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)
- Originates from the lower lateral border of the psoas major muscle.
- Travels below the inguinal ligament, reaching the thigh.
- Mixed nerve providing motor and sensory innervation to the thigh and leg.
- Branches to the quadriceps femoris muscles and skin of the anteromedial thigh and medial leg and foot.
Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
- The nerve enters the medial thigh via the obturator canal.
- Motor supply: adductor externus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, and pectineus muscles.
- Sensory innervations to skin over the proximal area of the medial thigh and the articular branch.
Sacral Plexus
- Located on the posterior pelvic wall.
- Formed by ventral rami of L4-L5 and S1-S4.
Sciatic Nerve (L4-S3)
- Exits the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen, under the gluteus maximus.
- Branches; Tibial nerve; Common fibular (peroneal) nerve.
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
- Travels through the greater sciatic foramen, superior to the piriformis.
- Innervates the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae muscles.
- Functions in stabilizing pelvis and abducting the hip.
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)
- The nerve travels through the greater sciatic foramen, inferior to the piriformis.
- Innervation to the gluteus maximus muscle.
- Function in extending the hip and laterally rotating the thigh.
Pudendal Nerve (S2-S4)
- Responsible for the perineum muscles and sensory function of the penis/clitoris and the skin of the perineum.
- Motor functions: external urethral sphincter and external anal sphincter muscles.
Sural Nerve (S1-S2)
- Originates from the medial sural cutaneous nerve (branch of the tibial nerve) and lateral sural cutaneous nerve (branch of the common fibular nerve).
- Branches to the lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve of the foot and lateral calcaneal branches
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Description
Explore the anatomy and functions of the lumbar plexus, including the iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, and genitofemoral nerves. This quiz covers the origins, innervations, and branches of these important spinal nerves. Test your knowledge on their roles in innervating muscles and skin regions.
