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Questions and Answers
What is the primary role of the obturator nerve in regards to muscle movement?
What is the primary role of the obturator nerve in regards to muscle movement?
Which nerve is responsible for sensory innervation of the skin on the medial leg and foot?
Which nerve is responsible for sensory innervation of the skin on the medial leg and foot?
Which muscle is NOT supplied by the obturator nerve?
Which muscle is NOT supplied by the obturator nerve?
What structure does the sacral plexus primarily form from?
What structure does the sacral plexus primarily form from?
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Which nerve innervates the hip adductors?
Which nerve innervates the hip adductors?
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What is the primary sensory function of the pudendal nerve?
What is the primary sensory function of the pudendal nerve?
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Which muscle is associated with the superior gluteal nerve?
Which muscle is associated with the superior gluteal nerve?
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What is one of the sensory functions of the obturator nerve?
What is one of the sensory functions of the obturator nerve?
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Which muscle does the nerve to the quadratus femoris NOT innervate?
Which muscle does the nerve to the quadratus femoris NOT innervate?
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Which nerve branches off the sciatic nerve?
Which nerve branches off the sciatic nerve?
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Which nerve exits through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle?
Which nerve exits through the greater sciatic foramen above the piriformis muscle?
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Which area does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve primarily innervate?
Which area does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve primarily innervate?
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Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the tibial nerve?
Which of the following muscles is NOT innervated by the tibial nerve?
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What is the innervation of the external anal sphincter?
What is the innervation of the external anal sphincter?
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Which of the following is NOT a branch of the sacral plexus?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of the sacral plexus?
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Which structure does the tibial nerve primarily provide sensory rami to?
Which structure does the tibial nerve primarily provide sensory rami to?
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Which nerve is primarily responsible for the sensory innervation of the dorsum of the foot?
Which nerve is primarily responsible for the sensory innervation of the dorsum of the foot?
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What is the primary motor function of the deep fibular nerve?
What is the primary motor function of the deep fibular nerve?
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Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for lateral rotation of the knee?
Which of the following muscles is primarily responsible for lateral rotation of the knee?
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What sensory function is associated with the sural nerve?
What sensory function is associated with the sural nerve?
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Which muscle does NOT receive innervation from the tibial nerve in the posterior compartment of the leg?
Which muscle does NOT receive innervation from the tibial nerve in the posterior compartment of the leg?
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Which plantar nerve innervates digits IV and V?
Which plantar nerve innervates digits IV and V?
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Which region does the lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve provide sensory innervation to?
Which region does the lateral cutaneous branch of the iliohypogastric nerve provide sensory innervation to?
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Which cutaneous nerve is formed by the lateral sural and medial sural nerves?
Which cutaneous nerve is formed by the lateral sural and medial sural nerves?
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Which spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
Which spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?
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What is the primary motor innervation provided by the iliohypogastric nerve?
What is the primary motor innervation provided by the iliohypogastric nerve?
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Which muscle is responsible for flexing the great toe?
Which muscle is responsible for flexing the great toe?
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What can result in damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
What can result in damage to the iliohypogastric nerve?
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Which nerve arises from L1 and is positioned posterior to the psoas major?
Which nerve arises from L1 and is positioned posterior to the psoas major?
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What is the primary function of the ilioinguinal nerve?
What is the primary function of the ilioinguinal nerve?
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Which muscle is NOT innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve?
Which muscle is NOT innervated by the iliohypogastric nerve?
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Which condition can lead to burning pain in the suprapubic area associated with iliohypogastric nerve damage?
Which condition can lead to burning pain in the suprapubic area associated with iliohypogastric nerve damage?
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What potential complication is associated with inguinal hernia repair regarding ilioinguinal nerve?
What potential complication is associated with inguinal hernia repair regarding ilioinguinal nerve?
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The upper lateral border of which muscle does the iliohypogastric nerve emerge from?
The upper lateral border of which muscle does the iliohypogastric nerve emerge from?
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Which of the following conditions can lead to ilioinguinal nerve damage?
Which of the following conditions can lead to ilioinguinal nerve damage?
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Which area of the body does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve primarily supply?
Which area of the body does the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve primarily supply?
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Which muscles are supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve?
Which muscles are supplied by the ilioinguinal nerve?
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Which of the following correctly describes the genitofemoral nerve?
Which of the following correctly describes the genitofemoral nerve?
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What sensation is provided by the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
What sensation is provided by the femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve?
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The cremaster muscle is innervated by which nerve branch?
The cremaster muscle is innervated by which nerve branch?
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Study Notes
Lumbar Plexus
- Spinal nerves L1-L4 form the lumbar plexus
- Contains contributions from the anterior ramus of T12
Iliohypogastric Nerve (T12 - L1)
- Innervates quadratus lumborum muscle and transversus abdominis muscle
- Sensory branches supply skin on the posterolateral gluteal region and suprapubic region
- Motor branches supply the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles
Ilioinguinal Nerve (L1)
- Located posterior to psoas major, anterior to quadratus lumborum
- Passes through transverse abdominis and internal oblique muscles before exiting via the superficial inguinal ring
- Sensory function for skin over the pubis and superior antero-medial thigh
- Motor function for the transversus abdominis and internal oblique muscles
Genitofemoral Nerve (L1-L2)
- Divides into femoral branch, which supplies anterior skin of upper and medial thigh, and genital branch, which supplies anterior scrotal skin in males and mons pubis and labia majora in females.
- Motor function for cremaster muscle in males
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve (L2-L3)
- Emerges from the lateral border of psoas major
- Passes through the inguinal ligament
- Supplies sensory input to the parietal peritoneum of the iliac fossa
- Supplies the skin of the anterior and posterior lateral thigh to the knee
Femoral Nerve (L2-L4)
- Emerges from the lower lateral border of psoas major and passes below the inguinal ligament
- Supplies motor and sensory innervation to the thigh and leg
- Contains Anterior Compartment of Thigh
- Sartorius
- Pectineus
- Psoas Major
- Iliacus
- Contains Extensors of Knee (Quadriceps Femoris)
- Rectus femoris
- Vastus lateralis
- Vastus medialis
- Vastus intermedius
Obturator Nerve (L2-L4)
- Enters the medial thigh through the obturator canal
- Motor supply to the following muscles:
- Obturator externus
- Adductor longus
- Adductor brevis
- Adductor magnus
- Gracilis
- Pectineus
- Sensory information across proximal medial thigh and articular branch
Sacral Plexus
- Formed by ventral rami of L4-L5 and S1-S4
- Located on the posterior pelvic wall.
Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4-S1)
- Passes through the greater sciatic foramen superior to piriformis
- Supplies Gluteus medius, Gluteus minimus, Tensor fascia latae
Inferior Gluteal Nerve (L5-S2)
- Passes through the greater sciatic foramen inferior to piriformis, superficial to sciatic nerve
- Supplies Gluteus maximus
Perforating Cutaneous Nerve (S2-S3)
- Passes through the greater sciatic foramen
- Supplies inferior medial regions of the buttock.
Pudendal Nerve (S2-S4)
- Supplies external urethral sphincter, external anal sphincter, penis/clitoris and perineum skin
Sciatic Nerve (L4-S3)
- Exits the pelvic cavity through the greater sciatic foramen
- Divides into tibial and common fibular nerves
- Supplies a variety of muscles and regions of the thigh and lower leg
Tibial Nerve (Sciatic Nerve Branch)
- Supplies muscles in the posterior compartment of the leg including plantaris, soleus, gastrocnemius.
- Supplies deeper muscles including, popliteus, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, and tibialis posterior
Common Fibular Nerve (Sciatic Nerve Branch)
- Divides into superficial and deep fibular nerves
- Supplies muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg, including fibularis longus and brevis
- Provides sensory innervation to the sural nerve
Superficial Fibular Nerve (Common Fibular Nerve Branch)
- Supplies the muscles of the lateral compartment of the lower leg
- Provides sensory innervation for the lateral foot and the distal anterior aspect of the lower leg
Deep Fibular Nerve (Common Fibular Nerve Branch)
- Supplies anterior compartment muscles of the lower leg
- Sensory innervation to the triangular area between the 1st and 2nd toes
Sural Nerve (S1-S2)
- A mixed nerve that emerges from the medial and lateral sural cutaneous nerves
- Provides sensory innervation to the skin of the posterior lateral leg from the knee to the heel, and the lateral dorsal foot
Sciatic Nerve Injury
- Causes include herniated discs, degenerative disk disease, injuries, and tumors/cysts
- Manifestations include pain, paresthesia, numbness, and muscle weakness
Superior Gluteal Nerve Injury
- The Trendelenburg sign is a characteristic sign of injury
- In a patient standing on the affected leg, the pelvis often drops on the opposite side
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy and functions of the lumbar plexus. This quiz covers the key nerves and their sensory and motor functions, including the iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, and genitofemoral nerves. Perfect for anatomy students and healthcare professionals.
