Lumbar and Sacral Plexus - L3
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Questions and Answers

Which spinal nerve is associated with the dorsal surface of the proximal phalanx of the little finger?

  • C8 (correct)
  • T1
  • S1
  • C6

    • Identify the spinal nerve that corresponds to the medial femoral condyle above the knee.

  • L3 (correct)
  • C7
  • L5
  • T10

    • What spinal nerve is indicated by the lateral side of the elbow?

  • L4
  • C6
  • C5 (correct)
  • T1

    • Which spinal nerve is located over the medial malleolus?

    <p>L4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal nerve innervates the area over the lateral aspect of the calcaneus?

    <p>S1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the spinal nerve that represents the midpoint of the popliteal fossa.

    <p>S2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes paresthesia and other symptoms in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome?

    <p>Compression of the transverse carpal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sensory area is NOT affected by median nerve compression?

    <p>Pinky finger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves arise from the 1st lumbar root?

    <p>Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the median nerve innervation at the wrist?

    <p>Motor control of the flexor muscles of the forearm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of median nerve compression?

    <p>Numbness in the third digit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure primarily compresses the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Transverse carpal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these nerves is associated with the anterior rami of L1 and L2?

    <p>Iliohypogastric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following nerves is NOT part of the lumbar plexus?

    <p>Radial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area receives fibers from the T12 nerve root?

    <p>Anterior thigh skin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lumbar plexus regarding the lower limb?

    <p>It provides sensory and motor functions to the lower limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle compartment is associated with the anterior division?

    <p>Anterior compartment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key function does the lateral pectoral nerve serve?

    <p>Innervates the pectoralis major muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cord is formed exclusively from the anterior division?

    <p>A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    From which cord does the radial nerve originate?

    <p>Posterior cord</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the terminal nerves of the cord?

    <p>Femoral</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mnemonic is used to remember the terminal nerves arising from the cord?

    <p>My Aunt Raped My Uncle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of nerves is formed from the medial cord?

    <p>Median and ulnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of the posterior division?

    <p>Associated with forearm extensors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about the divisions and cords is accurate?

    <p>The medial cord is formed from the anterior division.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve does NOT arise from the posterior cord?

    <p>Ulnar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurons primarily make up the dorsal root ganglia?

    <p>Pseudounipolar neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct term for autonomic ganglia that are located within certain organs?

    <p>Intramural ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells envelop the cell bodies of autonomic ganglia?

    <p>Satellite cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structures connect autonomic ganglia to the spinal nerve?

    <p>Rami communicantes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal cord segments primarily contain sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia?

    <p>Thoracic and upper lumbar segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of neurons are commonly found in autonomic ganglia?

    <p>Multipolar neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following sensations are autonomic afferent components primarily activated by?

    <p>Stretch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ganglia are referred to as posterior root ganglia?

    <p>Spinal ganglia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of autonomic ganglia?

    <p>Composed of pseudounipolar neurons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerves originate from the L2 to L4 root?

    <p>Obturator and femoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle compartment does the obturator nerve primarily innervate?

    <p>Medial compartment of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the lumbar plexus?

    <p>It includes the subcostal nerve (T12).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two muscular branches does the femoral nerve provide?

    <p>Iliacus muscle and psoas muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the accessory obturator nerve?

    <p>It arises from L3 and L4 but is not always present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the femoral nerve is false?

    <p>It is involved in hamstring muscle innervation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lumbar plexus?

    <p>Innervating the muscles of the lower limb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal nerve roots contribute to both the femoral and obturator nerves?

    <p>L2, L3, L4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the lumbar plexus?

    <p>It contains contributions from the subcostal nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Sensory Ganglia

    • Ganglia consist of clusters of neuronal cell bodies in the peripheral nervous system.
    • Dorsal root ganglia contain pseudounipolar sensory neurons, with unipolar cell bodies enveloped by cuboidal cells.
    • Cranial ganglia examples include the Trigeminal ganglion; spinal ganglia are referred to as dorsal root ganglia.

    Autonomic Ganglia

    • Comprise postganglionic autonomic nerves with multipolar neurons, protected by satellite cells (capsular cells).
    • Some autonomic ganglia are intramural, located within specific organs.
    • Sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia are predominantly located in the thoracic and upper lumbar spinal cord.
    • Autonomic ganglia connect to spinal nerves through rami communicantes.
    • Nerve endings in autonomic afferent components respond to sensations such as stretch or lack of oxygen, rather than heat or touch.

    Spinal Nerve Structure

    • Anterior and posterior divisions of the spinal nerve serve distinct muscle compartments, without branching.
    • The anterior division is linked with muscles in the anterior compartment; the posterior division associates with muscles in the posterior compartment.
    • The spinal cord terminates into five major terminal nerves: Musculocutaneous, Axillary, Radial, Median, and Ulnar.

    Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

    • Caused by median nerve compression at the wrist leading to symptoms like paresthesia, pain, and numbness in the territory of the median nerve.
    • Compression is due to the transverse carpal ligament affecting the sensory perception of the first three and a half digits on the hand.

    Lumbar and Sacral Plexus

    • The lumbar plexus, spanning from L1 to L4, may also incorporate the subcostal nerve (T12) and is positioned within the psoas major muscle.
    • Innervation patterns include the femoral nerve for anterior thigh muscles and the obturator nerve for medial thigh muscles.
    • The accessory obturator nerve may arise from L3 and L4 but is not universally present.

    Dermatome Maps and Sensory Innervation

    • Specific dermatomes are correlated with different spinal nerves at distinct body locations, for example:
      • C5: Lateral side of the elbow
      • T4: Midclavicular line at nipple level
      • L3: Medial femoral condyle above the knee
    • Myotomes relate to muscle groups activated by spinal nerves, underscoring the functional role of nerve root contributions to motor function.

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    Spinal Nerve Lecture Notes PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy of the lumbar and sacral plexus, focusing on the origins and functions of the obturator and femoral nerves, which arise from the L2 to L4 roots. Test your knowledge of these crucial neural pathways and their innervations in the body.

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