19. Embalming Protocols Part 3
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Questions and Answers

What are the three layers of an artery?

  • Tunica Superior, Tunica Inferior, Tunica Lateral
  • Tunica Interna, Tunica Media, Tunica Externa (correct)
  • Tunica Proximal, Tunica Distal, Tunica Transverse
  • Tunica Inner, Tunica Middle, Tunica Outer

Which of these conditions is NOT considered a common vascular problem facing embalmers?

  • Pneumonia (correct)
  • Arteriosclerosis
  • Aneurysm
  • Valvular Heart Disease

Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis are the same condition.

False (B)

What is the primary concern when dealing with an aneurysm?

<p>The potential for the rupture of the aneurysm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common problem encountered when embalming a case with Arteriosclerosis?

<p>The narrowing or obstructing of an artery's lumen, which can hinder the flow of arterial solution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Arteriosclerosis is more common in individuals over sixty years of age.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of Arteriosclerosis with their descriptions:

<p>Type 1 = The lumen is clearly defined and mainly clear, arteries can usually be used for injection. Type 2 = The lumen is reduced in size, off-center, and sometimes requires a smaller canula. Type 3 = The lumen is completely occluded (blocked) and often necessitates alternatives such as canalization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Pre-injection is recommended when a case has known or suspected difficulty in distribution.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an Arteriosclerosis case and an Atherosclerosis case?

<p>Arteriosclerosis is a general hardening and thickening of arterial walls, while Atherosclerosis is a specific type of Arteriosclerosis involving the buildup of fatty plaques within the arterial walls.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The use of arterial solution dyes is essential in embalming, especially in cases of Arteriosclerosis, to track the solution’s path.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the most common vascular problems experienced by embalmers?

<p>The most common vascular problems include Arteriosclerosis, Aneurysm, Valvular Heart Diseases, and Congestive Heart Failure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern for embalmers in cases involving a ruptured aneurysm?

<p>The potential for internal bleeding (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The use of multiple point injection is always necessary for cases involving a ruptured aneurysm.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Vascular Conditions

Problems affecting blood vessels, impacting embalming success.

Intravascular conditions

Problems inside the blood vessels.

Extravascular conditions

Problems outside the blood vessels.

Arteriosclerosis

Hardening of the arteries, common in older adults.

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Aneurysm

Weak spot in a blood vessel wall that can bulge or rupture.

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Ruptured Aneurysm

Aneurysm that has burst, causing bleeding into body cavities.

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Valvular Heart Disease

Problems with heart valves, hindering solution flow.

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Congestive Heart Failure

Heart's inability to pump blood efficiently, causing fluid buildup.

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Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA)

Stroke; disrupted blood flow to the brain.

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Arterial Coagula

Blood clots in arteries, hindering solution flow.

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Venous Coagula

Blood clots in veins, affecting drainage.

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Diabetes

Condition related to poor peripheral circulation and arteriosclerosis.

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Rigor Mortis

Stiffening of muscles after death, impeding embalming.

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Renal Failure

Kidney failure, often difficult to identify and embalm.

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Purge

Leakage of fluids from body during or after embalming.

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Gases

Gases in tissues of deceased, affecting embalming and appearance.

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Obese Cases

Cases with significant excess fat, impacting embalming procedures.

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Alcoholic Cases

Cases with alcohol-related issues, often coupled with other complicating factors.

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Mycotic Infection

Fungal infection, potentially dangerous when handling remains.

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Hanging Cases

Cases of suicide by hanging, often requiring cosmetic attention.

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Burned Cases

Cases with severe burns, where extensive restoration might be necessary.

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Electrocution Cases

Cases of death by electrocution, potentially requiring special precautions.

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Carbon Monoxide Poisoning

Cases with carbon monoxide poisoning, often resulting in discolouration.

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Drowning Cases

Cases of death by drowning, impacting embalming due to water and time factors.

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Gunshot Wound Cases

Cases with gunshot wounds, requiring careful restoration due to injury.

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Poisoning Cases

Cases of death from poisoning, often with internal or blood system problems.

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Mutilated Cases

Cases with significant disfigurement or missing body parts.

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Exsanguination Cases

Cases with excessive blood loss, impacting the embalming process.

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Chemotherapy

Cancer treatment using chemicals, changing body chemistry and tissues.

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Radioactive Isotopes

Radioactive substances used in therapy, requiring specific handling.

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Study Notes

Embalming Protocols - Part Three

  • This module focuses on embalming protocols specific to vascular conditions, problematic cases, and the effects of drugs (e.g., chemotherapy, antibiotics).

Learning Outcomes

  • Students will be able to identify and perform arterial and cavity embalming protocols for autopsy and non-autopsy cases involving vascular conditions, other problematic cases, and the effects of drugs, chemotherapy, and antibiotics.

Resources Used

  • Embalming - History, Theory, & Practice by Robert G. Mayer (Fourth Edition, pages 407-441)
  • The Principles And Practice Of Embalming by Clarence G. Strub, L.E. & L.G. Frederick, L.E.-L.F.D. (Fifth Edition)
  • Mosby's Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary (1st Edition, Australia & New Zealand)

Vascular Conditions - Embalming Problems

  • Vascular system is essential to embalming.
  • Concerns include extravascular and intravascular conditions affecting blood vessels.
  • Obstructions or disruptions in blood vessel delivery will affect embalming.
  • Common vascular problems include arteriosclerosis, aneurysm, valvular heart diseases, and congestive heart failure.
  • Pre-injection should be avoided if a case has vascular conditions, to prevent swelling in the affected area.
  • Injection should only be used when obstruction or flow reduction is not expected.

Arteriosclerosis

  • Thickening, calcification, and loss of elasticity in arterial walls.
  • Can affect the Tunica Interna, Tunica Media, or both.
  • May mimic atherosclerosis, but involves different characteristics.
  • Different types (Type 1, Type 2, Type 3) based on lumen condition.
  • Type 3 is fully occluded (blocked).

Aneurysm

  • Localised, abnormal dilation or out-pocketing of a blood vessel.
  • Can be a congenital defect or weakness of the vessel wall.
  • Ruptured aneurysm in non-autopsied cases requires multiple injection points.

Other Problematic Cases

  • This section details problematic cases, such as those related to diabetes, rigor mortis, renal failure, and cases involving drugs or chemotherapy.

General Information about Embalming Protocols

  • Discuss the importance of pre-embalming analysis for proper selection of arterial solution.
  • Discuss proper methods to handle and treat tissue and organ conditions in cases of specific conditions like those discussed in the foregoing sections.

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Embalming Protocols Part 3 2019 Course Notes PDF

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