Lower Limb Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What structure primarily connects the lower limb to the trunk?

Sacrum

Femur

Pelvic Girdle (correct)

Ankle Retinacula

Which of the following accurately describes the segments of the lower limb?

Girdle, Proximal Segment, Distal Segment, Foot

Thigh, Knee, Leg, Foot

Foot, Leg, Thigh, Pelvic Girdle

Thigh, Leg, Foot (correct)

How many phalanges are present in the foot?

14 (correct)

Which bone is not part of the leg segment of the lower limb?

Phalange Signup and view all the answers

What is located distally to the ankle joint?

Foot Signup and view all the answers

Which area of the lower limb is primarily seen from a posterior view?

Gluteal Region Signup and view all the answers

Which group of bones forms the foot segment?

5 Metatarsal bones, 7 Tarsal bones, 14 Phalanges Signup and view all the answers

Which bone serves as the primary bone of the proximal segment of the lower limb?

Femur Signup and view all the answers

Which joint is characterized by limited movements in the pelvic girdle?

Pelvic Girdle Signup and view all the answers

What types of movements are primarily associated with the knee joint?

Flexion, Extension, Medial and Lateral Rotations Signup and view all the answers

Which transition area in the lower limb corresponds to the cubital fossa in the upper limb?

Popliteal Fossa Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following movements is NOT associated with the hip joint?

Supination Signup and view all the answers

What kind of joint movement is primarily restricted at the tibio-fibular joints?

Flexion and Extension Signup and view all the answers

Which ankle joint movement is explicitly mentioned in relation to its functional capabilities?

Circumduction Signup and view all the answers

In which region does the hip joint primarily allow movement?

Thigh Signup and view all the answers

Which transition area includes the femoral triangle?

Iliac Basin Signup and view all the answers

How many bones are present in the lower limb?

30 Bones Signup and view all the answers

Which region is specifically referred to as the back of the thigh?

Hamstring Signup and view all the answers

What is the total number of major arteries in the lower limb?

4 Major Arteries Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a component of the lower limb?

Tendons Signup and view all the answers

How many major nerves are associated with the lower limb?

17 Major Nerves Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the area at the back of the knee?

Popliteal Fossa Signup and view all the answers

In terms of joints, how many joints are found in the lower limb?

26 Joints Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following does the lumbosacral plexus primarily consist of?

Major nerves Signup and view all the answers

Which type of movement do the metatarso-phalangeal joints primarily facilitate?

Adduction & Abduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the lower limb in relation to energy consumption?

Providing support while minimizing energy consumption Signup and view all the answers

Which spinal nerves contribute to the formation of the lumbar plexus?

L1 to L3 and part of L4 Signup and view all the answers

What component combines with the anterior ramus of L5 to form the lumbosacral trunk?

Anterior ramus of L4 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following nerves is a branch of the sacral plexus?

Superior gluteal nerve Signup and view all the answers

Which joint allows for the movement of flexion and extension in the fingers?

Interphalangeal joints Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical feature is directly related to the structure of the lower limb?

Pelvic cavity Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main roles of the lumbo-sacral plexus?

It forms the main nerve supply for the lower limb Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Lower Limb Regions

The lower limb is divided into six main regions: thigh, gluteal region, knee region (Popliteal Fossa), leg, ankle retinacula, and foot.
The thigh is located between the hip joint and knee joint.
The gluteal region is the only part of the lower limb seen posteriorly.
The knee region (Popliteal Fossa) is the transition between the thigh and the leg.
The leg is located between the knee joint and the ankle joint.
The ankle retinacula is the transition between the leg and foot.
The foot is distal to the ankle joint.

Lower Limb Bones

The lower limb is formed by 30 bones.
The pelvic girdle is formed by two hip bones (right & left) and the sacrum.
The thigh is formed by the femur.
The leg is formed by the tibia medially and the fibula laterally.
The foot is formed by three groups of bones: 7 tarsal bones, 5 metatarsal bones, and 14 phalanges.

Lower Limb Joints

There are 26 joints in the lower limb (excluding intercarpal joints).
The pelvic girdle has limited movement and allows for flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and medial and lateral rotation.
The hip joint connects the proximal thigh to the pelvic girdle, allowing for flexion, extension, medial and lateral rotation, and circumduction.
The knee joint connects the proximal leg (distal to the thigh) to the thigh, allowing for flexion, extension, and medial and lateral rotations.
The tibio-fibular joints connect the distal leg (proximal to the forearm) to the forearm, allowing for limited movement and flexion, extension, and adduction.
The ankle joint connects the proximal hand (distal to the forearm) to the forearm, allowing for flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, and circumduction.
The metatarso-phalangeal joints (MTPJ) connect the distal to the metacarpal bones to the fingers, allowing for flexion, extension, adduction, and abduction.
The interphalangeal joints (IPJ) connect the phalanges and allow for flexion and extension.

Lower Limb Communication

The lower limb is directly related to the pelvic cavity.

Lower Limb Function

The lower limb supports the body's weight with minimal energy consumption.
The lower limb is responsible for locomotion.

Lumbosacral Plexus

The lumbar plexus is a somatic plexus formed by the anterior rami of spinal nerves L1 to L3 and part of L4.
The rest of the anterior ramus of L4 and the anterior ramus of L5 combine to form the lumbosacral trunk.
The lumbosacral trunk enters the pelvic cavity and joins with the anterior rami of S1 to S3 and part of S4 to form the sacral plexus.
The lumbosacral plexus forms the main nerve supply of the whole lower limb.

Branches of the Lumbosacral Plexus

Branches of the lumbar plexus include the ilio-hypogastric, ilio-inguinal, lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh, and femoral nerve.
Branches of the sacral plexus include the sciatic nerve, superior gluteal nerve, inferior gluteal nerve.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the lower limb, including its regions, bones, and joints. This quiz covers various aspects of the thigh, knee, leg, ankle, and foot structures. Dive into the details and see how well you understand this vital part of human anatomy.