Low Level Laser Therapy Overview

630 nm

3 to 10 J/cm²

The product of irradiance and time of exposure.

<p>Increasing power density decreases treatment duration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for flexibility in treatment protocols by intermittently interrupting the power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mitochondria regulate oxidative stress by managing reactive oxygen species and maintaining redox balance within the cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary photo-acceptor in mammalian cells is cytochrome c oxidase (COX), which is essential for absorbing light photons during low-level light therapy (LLLT).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calcium metabolism in mitochondria influences apoptosis by regulating mitochondrial membrane potential and the release of pro-apoptotic factors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In photobiomodulation (PBM), light photons are absorbed by chromophores in the mitochondria, particularly cytochrome c oxidase, leading to enhanced cellular energy production.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cytochrome c oxidase is crucial because it is specifically responsive to the red-NIR wavelength range, facilitating energy production and cellular signaling.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>30 seconds to 1 minute.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 to 15 points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ketamine and Xylazine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>20 Gy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>6 MV linear accelerator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photobiomodulation effect.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To prevent movement during the procedure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Simple cases may require treatment of as little as one point, while complex dysfunctions may need multiple points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A photochemical reaction is responsible for the physiologic effects of LLLT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photobiostimulation and photobioinhibition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The dosage determines whether the effect is photobiostimulation or photobioinhibition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Photobiostimulation enhances cellular function, while photobioinhibition suppresses or inhibits it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It mediates the physiological effects observed during LLLT.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because the dosage dictates the type of physiological response (stimulation or inhibition).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Varying dosages can lead to either beneficial effects (stimulation) or detrimental effects (inhibition).</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mitochondria are cellular power plants that play a key role in regulating oxidative stress, calcium metabolism, and apoptosis.

Cytochrome c oxidase (COX) absorbs red and near-infrared light.

In photobiomodulation (PBM), light photons are absorbed by chromophores within the mitochondria.

The main light receiver in mammalian cells for red-NIR wavelengths is cytochrome c oxidase (COX).

Mitochondria play a crucial role in controlling oxidative stress, a type of cellular damage.

The specific wavelength of light used in low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is 630 nm.

Studies suggest optimal energy density for cellular level effects are between 3 and 10 J/cm2.

Power density, in combination with exposure time, determines the total energy delivered to affected area.

The photochemical effect remains the same if the product (irradiance and time exposure) is the same.

Treatment duration (time) can be varied while maintaining the total energy (irradiance x time) to produce the same effect even if power density (W/cm²) varies.

Treatment times for LLLT range from 30 seconds to 1 minute per point.

Treatment points can range from 1 to 15, depending on the complexity of the dysfunction.

Animals are immobilized using ketamine and xylazine.

20 Gray (Gy) radiation dose is used to create severe OM.

LLLT has a photobiomodulation effect which positively influences tissue.

A 6 MV linear accelerator is used for irradiation.

Ketamine and Xylazine doses are 87mg/kg and 13mg/kg, respectively.

Irradiation is delivered in a single dose.

Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) is a treatment using low-intensity light to stimulate biological processes in tissues.

LLLT works through a photochemical reaction, where light energy interacts with cells.

The photochemical reaction in LLLT can either stimulate (photobiostimulation) or inhibit (photobioinhibition) cellular processes.

Photobiostimulation is the enhancement of cellular activity by LLLT.

Photobioinhibition is the suppression of cellular activity by LLLT.

The dosage of LLLT applied to tissue determines whether photobiostimulation or photobioinhibition occurs.

The amount of LLLT applied to tissue affects the outcome of the treatment.