Losartan Pharmacology Quiz

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What is the mechanism of action of losartan?

Increases aldosterone secretion

Activates the AT1 receptor subtype in tissues

Stimulates the vasoconstrictor effects of angiotensin II

Blocks the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor subtype (correct)

What is a contraindication for losartan use?

Hypersensitivity to aliskiren

Concomitant use with aliskiren in diabetic patients (correct)

Renal function deterioration

Concomitant use with potassium supplements

Which drug interaction should be avoided when taking losartan?

Aliskiren and Lithium

Aliskiren and ACE inhibitors (correct)

Lithium and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers

Lithium and ACE inhibitors

What is a potential side effect of losartan?

Upper respiratory infection and nasal congestion Signup and view all the answers

When should losartan be discontinued according to the black box warning?

If pregnant Signup and view all the answers

What should patients avoid when taking losartan?

Using potassium supplements without consulting a healthcare provider Signup and view all the answers

What risk is associated with abruptly withdrawing therapy in patients with hyperthyroidism?

Precipitation of a thyroid storm Signup and view all the answers

Why should chronic beta blocker therapy not be routinely withdrawn in patients undergoing anesthesia and major surgery?

To prevent impaired adrenergic response Signup and view all the answers

How does untreated pheochromocytoma influence the use of beta blockers?

Should be avoided with pheochromocytoma Signup and view all the answers

In what condition should dose adjustment be considered due to renal impairment?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

Why do patients with a history of severe anaphylactic reactions need caution during therapy?

To prevent more severe reactions upon rechallenge Signup and view all the answers

In which condition should the use of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system be avoided due to the elevated risk of renal failure?

Ascites due to cirrhosis Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken when initiating drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system in patients with heart failure?

Monitor blood pressure carefully Signup and view all the answers

Which patient population should drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system be used with caution in due to increased exposure to valsartan?

Patients with hepatic impairment Signup and view all the answers

Why should careful monitoring of BUN, serum creatinine, and potassium be done in patients taking drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system?

To avoid renal failure Signup and view all the answers

When should the use of drugs acting on the renin-angiotensin system generally be avoided in patients with renal artery stenosis?

Bilateral renal artery stenosis Signup and view all the answers

Why should drugs that act on the renin-angiotensin system be used with caution in patients with significant aortic/ mitral stenosis?

Risk of hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial dose of Tenormin for acute myocardial infarction?

5 mg IV Signup and view all the answers

For how long should Tenormin be administered in patients with acute myocardial infarction after the IV dosing?

6 to 9 days Signup and view all the answers

What is the guideline dosage range for Tenormin in hypertension?

25 to 100 mg orally daily Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the mechanism of action of Atenolol?

Primarily acts on beta (2)-adrenoreceptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended initial dose of Tenormin for angina pectoris, chronic?

100 mg ORALLY once daily Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if angina worsens or acute coronary insufficiency occurs in a patient receiving Tenormin for angina pectoris?

Gradually stop therapy and reinstitute if needed Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common side effect of Valsartan?

Backache Signup and view all the answers

What is the initial dosage for treating Post–myocardial infarction with Valsartan?

20 mg twice daily Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a dosage form of Valsartan?

Tablet, Oral: 50 mg Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a contraindication or precaution for Valsartan?

Avoid use in patients with liver disease Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the mechanism of action of Valsartan?

Antagonism of the angiotensin II (AT2) receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the brand name for Valsartan?

Diovan Signup and view all the answers