Questions and Answers
What is the trade name of losartan?
What is the classification of losartan?
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists or antihypertensives
What is the indication for losartan?
Management of hypertension, treatment of diabetic nephropathy, prevention of stroke in hypertension
What is the action of losartan?
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What is the normal dosage of losartan?
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What are the contraindications for losartan?
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What are some adverse effects of losartan?
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What nursing implications are associated with losartan?
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Study Notes
Losartan Overview
- Trade name: Cozaar
- Classification: Angiotensin II receptor antagonists, also known as antihypertensives.
Indications
- Used alone or with other medications to manage hypertension.
- Treats diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.
- Prevents strokes in patients with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy.
Mechanism of Action
- Blocks the effects of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor and mediator of aldosterone secretion.
- Acts at various receptor sites, including vascular smooth muscle and adrenal glands.
Dosage Information
- Normal dosage is 50 mg taken orally once daily.
Contraindications
- Not recommended for patients with bilateral renal artery stenosis.
- Caution in volume- or salt-depleted patients; high doses of diuretics should be corrected before initiating therapy.
- Should not be used in patients with impaired renal function due to primary renal disease or heart failure.
Adverse Effects
- Common side effects include diarrhea, hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), and dizziness.
Nursing Implications
- Monitor blood pressure in various positions (lying, sitting, standing) during initial dose adjustments and periodically afterward.
- Notify healthcare providers of significant changes in patient condition.
- Track frequency of prescription refills to assess patient compliance.
- Watch for signs of angioedema (including dyspnea and facial swelling), as it may occur rarely with treatment.
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Test your knowledge of Losartan with these flashcards. Learn the trade name, classification, indications, and actions associated with this antihypertensive medication. Perfect for students of pharmacology or healthcare professionals!
