Skeletal system

Lies around the body's longitudinal axis: an imaginary line that runs through the body's center of gravity from head to the space between the feet.

It has 80 bones

It consist of skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

It supports appendages and limbs

It has 126 bones

It consist of upper and lower limb, shoulder girdle, and pelvic girdle

The main part

Enlarged, often rounded end

It constrict between head and body

Rounded process which articulates with another bone

Projection located above condyle

A smooth, flat surface that forms a joint with another flat bone, together creating a gliding joint

Prominent projection

Small, rounded process or bump

Knoblike process, larger than a tubercle

Larger process than a tubercle

Prominent, narrow, ridge-like projection

Very high ridge; thorn like projection

Hole or opening; usually a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments

A tunnel-like cavity

A pit or depression

Indentation or depression along edge of the bone

Form the forehead and roots of the orbits (eye sockets)

Found behind the frontal bone; forms the side and the roof of the cranium

Forms the lower side of the cranium

A canal that leads to the middle ear

A rounded projection posterior and inferior to the external auditory meatus

A depression which articulates with the mandible

Forms the base of the skull

Opening where the brain connects with the spinal cord

Rounded process by which articulate with 1st cervical vertebrae

Keystone of the cranium, connects with all other cranial bones and holds them together; wedge-shaped or bat-shaped bone; its greater wings are visible on the side of the skull

Depression which encloses pituitary gland; contains sphenoidal sinuses which drain into the nasal cavity

Found anterior to sphenoid bone; forms the roof and upper wales of the nasal cavities

A ridge in the superior portion of the ethmoid bone which serves as attachment point for the meninges; delicate bone which has sponge-like appearance

Air spaces; superior and middle nasal conchea, scroll-like projections that warm, moisten, and filter inhaled air.

A special type of immovable joins of the skull bones

Unites the frontal lobe and two parietal bones

Attaches the two parietal bone

Joins the parietal bones to the occipital bone

Seals the parietal bone to temporal bone

Found in the sphenoid, frontal, ethmoid, maxillary bones

It produces mucus, lighten the weight of the skull, and serves as an echo chamber for speech

Soft spots of fibrous connective between the bones of the skull

Permit compression of the baby's head during birth and permit the growth of the brain after birth, and replaces by bone within first 2 years of life.

U shaped bone located in the neck between the mandible and larynx, does not articulate with any other bone, and supports the tongue and stabilizes the airways

Spinal column made of 26 individual bones called _____

Thick disc shaped anterior portion that bears weight

Posterior portion

Enclosed by vertebral body and arc; opening through which spinal cord passes

Flat, roof plates of the vertebral arc

Posterior projection of laminae; serves as attachment point for muscle

Lateral projection of laminae; also point attachment for muscle

Small flat surfaces for articulation with other bones

Pads of fibrous cartilage between vertebral bodies which cushion, absorbs shock and permit movement

Continuous tunnel (lined with meninges) formed by foramen of articulated vertebrae; where spinal cord passes

Accounts C1-C7

Found posterior to thoracic cavity; named T1-T12 and it served as attachment for the ribs. Having facets for articulating ribs

From the lower back, named L1-L5 and it is the largest and strongest bone of the spine

A triangular bone, consist of 5 fused vertebrae named S1-S5. Forms posterior wall of the pelvis

Tail bone, cosists of 4 fused vertebrae named Co1 to Co4 and some perineal muscles are anchored to it.

Concave posteriorly

Convex posteriorly

Lateral curvature that causes the spine to "lean" one side more then the other

Exaggeration of the thoracic curve and humpback appearance

Exaggeration of the lumbar curve and causes a sway back

Consist of 12 pairs or ribs and the sternum (made of three fused bones) and it protects the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen

Upper part of sternum; articulates with clavicle and the first pair of ribs

Mid-portion; makes up the bulk of sternum; articulates with 2nd and 8th pair of ribs

Inferior end; no ribs are attached to it.

1st 7 pairs of ribs; articulate directly with the manubrium and body of the sternum by means of costal cartilage

Ribs through 8 through 10; not directly attach to sternum ; their cartilages join the 7th rib cartilage

Ribs 11 and 12; are not attach to sternum

Spaces between ribs; occupied by intercostal muscles for breathing; used to locate landmarks on chest