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Questions and Answers
What is the term for the democratically elected local governance bodies in urban areas of India?
Under which constitutional amendment are the powers of rural localities formalized in India?
Which level of government in India is below the state government?
What is the term for the urban localities in India that have Nagar Palika and derive their powers from individual state governments?
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In addition to the central and state governments, what is the third sphere of government in India?
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What is the population range for Municipal Corporation (Nagar Nigam) in India?
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According to the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee, what was the suggested term for the elected local bodies at the block level?
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What percentage of local government expenditure was observed in 2015/16?
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How many Zilla parishads were established at the district level following the 2013 local election?
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What percentage of elected representatives at all levels of the panchayat were women as of 2020?
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What were the key recommendations of the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee in 1957?
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What was the focus of the functions suggested by the Balwant Rai Mehta Committee for the block/samiti level local body?
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What was the main criticism highlighted by the Ashok Mehta Committee in 1977?
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What percentage of local government expenditure was observed in 2015/16?
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How many Zilla parishads were established at the district level following the 2013 local election?
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What are the two distinct forms of local government in India since 1992?
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What are the abbreviations for the democratically elected local governance bodies in urban areas and rural areas of India?
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What is the term for the jurisdiction below the level of the state government in India?
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Which constitutional amendments give recognition and protection to local governments in India?
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What is the name of the administrative system for rural localities in India, formalized under a specific constitutional amendment?
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Study Notes
Local Governance in India
- Urban local governance bodies in India are termed Municipalities.
- Powers of rural localities are formalized under the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.
- The level of government below the state government in India is known as the Local Government.
- Urban localities in India with Nagar Palika derive their powers from individual state governments.
- The third sphere of government in India, alongside central and state governments, is the Local Government.
Municipal Corporations
- Municipal Corporations (Nagar Nigam) serve urban areas with a population range typically between 100,000 to several million.
Local Government Expenditure
- Local government expenditure accounted for approximately 18% in the fiscal year 2015/16.
Local Bodies
- Zilla Parishads, established at the district level, rose substantially after the 2013 local elections.
- As of 2020, 50% of elected representatives at all levels of the panchayat were women.
Balwant Rai Mehta Committee Recommendations
- The Balwant Rai Mehta Committee (1957) recommended "Panchayati Raj" as the term for elected local bodies at the block level.
- Key recommendations emphasized the need for a three-tier system of local governance.
- Suggested functions for the block/samiti level focused on self-governance and community participation.
Critiques of Local Governance
- The Ashok Mehta Committee (1977) highlighted that local government structures faced issues of inefficiency and lack of autonomy.
Local Government Evolution
- Since 1992, two distinct forms of local government exist: Rural Local Bodies (Panchayati Raj) and Urban Local Bodies (Municipalities).
- Abbreviations for local governance bodies: ULB for urban areas (Urban Local Bodies) and PR for rural areas (Panchayati Raj).
Constitutional Recognition
- The 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments provide recognition and protection to local governments in India.
- The administrative system for rural localities, formalized under the 73rd Amendment, is known as Panchayati Raj.
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Description
Test your knowledge about the structure and functions of local government in India, including the constitutional provisions and the significance of the 73rd and 74th amendments.
