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Questions and Answers
Who is empowered to make provisions for the maintenance of accounts by municipalities?
What is the minimum age requirement for a person to be eligible for being a member of a municipality?
What is the purpose of devolution of powers and responsibilities upon municipalities?
Who has the authority to refer questions of disqualifications?
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What is the purpose of the Twelfth Schedule?
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What can the state legislature do to support the finances of municipalities?
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What is the primary objective of the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, 1992?
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What is the name of the Part added to the Constitution of India through the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, 1992?
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Which of the following is NOT a type of Urban Local Government in India?
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What is the time period specified in Article 334 for the reservation of seats and offices of chairpersons in municipalities for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes?
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What is the provision that deals with the constitution of municipalities in every state?
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What is the minimum proportion of seats reserved for women in every municipality?
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What is the factor considered by the Governor while specifying a transitional area, a smaller urban area, or a larger urban area?
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Who has the power to make provision for the constitution of other committees in a municipality?
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What is the purpose of the wards committee in a municipality?
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What is the name of the institution that the 74th Constitution Amendment Act, 1992 gave constitutional status to?
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What is the basis for the reservation of seats for scheduled castes and scheduled tribes in every municipality?
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Who can be made members of the municipality?
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Study Notes
Disqualification for Municipal Membership
- A person shall be disqualified for being chosen as or for being a member of a municipality if they are disqualified under any law for the purposes of elections to the legislature of the state concerned or under any law made by the state legislature.
- However, a person shall not be disqualified on the grounds of being less than 25 years of age if they have attained the age of 21 years.
- All questions of disqualifications shall be referred to a specified authority.
Powers and Functions of Municipalities
- The state legislature may endow municipalities with necessary powers and authority to enable them to function as institutions of self-government.
- Such a scheme may contain provisions for the devolution of powers and responsibilities upon municipalities at the appropriate level with respect to planning and implementing schemes for economic development and social justice.
Finances and Audit of Municipalities
- The state legislature may authorize a municipality to levy, collect, and appropriate taxes, duties, tolls, and fees.
- The state legislature may assign to a municipality taxes, duties, tolls, and fees levied and collected by the state government.
- The state legislature may provide for making grants-in-aid to municipalities from the consolidated fund of the state.
- The state legislature may provide for the constitution of funds for crediting all moneys of the municipalities.
74th Constitution Amendment Act, 1992
- The act gave constitutional status to municipalities.
- Part IX-A of the Constitution of India deals with municipalities.
- Articles 243P to 243 ZG of the Constitution of India relate to municipalities.
- The Twelfth Schedule to the Constitution of India lists eighteen matters for which municipalities are responsible.
Types of Municipalities
- There are three types of municipalities: Nagar panchayat, municipal council, and municipal corporation.
- The governor specifies the type of municipality based on factors such as population of the area.
Other Committees and Reservation of Seats
- The state legislature may make provisions for the composition and territorial area of a wards committee and the manner in which seats in a wards committee shall be filled.
- The state legislature may constitute other committees, and the chairpersons of such committees may be made members of the municipality.
- The act provides for the reservation of seats for the scheduled castes and the scheduled tribes in every municipality in proportion to their population to the total population in the municipal area.
- The act provides for the reservation of not less than one-third of the total number of seats for women, including seats reserved for women belonging to SCs and STs.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the 74th Constitution Amendment Act 1992, which gave constitutional sanction to local self-government institutions in India, including rural and urban local bodies. Learn about the different types of urban local government, including municipal corporations and municipalities.
