19 Questions
Which type of nerve fibers are preferentially blocked by local anesthetics?
Small myelinated axons
In nerve bundles, which fibers are affected first by local anesthetics?
Circumferential fibers
What factor affects the absorption of local anesthetics?
Vasoactive drugs
Which type of local anesthetics are metabolized by plasma cholinesterases?
Esters
What is the main hazard for local anesthetics clinically?
Systemic absorption
Which adverse drug reaction is associated with the central nervous system due to high concentrations of local anesthetics?
Respiratory failure
Which system experiences temporary paralysis due to local anesthetic toxicity?
Peripheral nervous system and smooth muscle
What potential side effect is associated with the clinical use of local anesthetics?
Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
What is the purpose of combining adrenaline with local anesthetics?
Prolongs local anesthesia and decreases bleeding
Which group of local anaesthetics is more stable due to the absence of basic amine groups?
Amides
Which local anaesthetic is an unusual case with very low solubility and is used for dressing painful skin ulcers?
Benzocaine
Which of the following local anaesthetics was the first synthetic ester local anaesthetic?
Procaine
What distinguishes amides from esters in terms of stability?
Amides are more stable due to their higher pKa values.
Which local anaesthetic was the first 'amide' type local anaesthetic developed?
Lidocaine
Which type of local anaesthetic has a structure consisting of an aromatic group, ester or amide group, and an amine group?
LAs (Local Anaesthetics)
'Benzocaine' is an example of which type of local anaesthetic based on its chemistry?
'Benzocaine'
'Tetracaine' belongs to which classification of local anaesthetics based on its chemical structure?
'Esters'
'Procaine' was the first synthetic local anaesthetic belonging to which category?
'Esters'
'Lidocaine' represents which chemical type of local anaesthetics based on its structure?
'Amides'
Learn about the chemical structure, classification, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic profile, adverse side effects, toxicity, clinical uses, and characteristics of local anaesthetics in this lecture by Prof. David Finn. Understand the introduction, types, and applications of anaesthetics.
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