Local Anaesthetics in Pharmacology and Therapeutics
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Questions and Answers

Which type of nerve fibers are preferentially blocked by local anesthetics?

  • Motor nerves
  • Small myelinated axons (correct)
  • Large myelinated axons
  • Non-myelinated axons
  • In nerve bundles, which fibers are affected first by local anesthetics?

  • Motor nerves
  • Circumferential fibers (correct)
  • Large myelinated axons
  • Sensory fibers
  • What factor affects the absorption of local anesthetics?

  • pH level
  • Vasoactive drugs (correct)
  • Drug metabolism
  • Body temperature
  • Which type of local anesthetics are metabolized by plasma cholinesterases?

    <p>Esters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main hazard for local anesthetics clinically?

    <p>Systemic absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse drug reaction is associated with the central nervous system due to high concentrations of local anesthetics?

    <p>Respiratory failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system experiences temporary paralysis due to local anesthetic toxicity?

    <p>Peripheral nervous system and smooth muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential side effect is associated with the clinical use of local anesthetics?

    <p>Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of combining adrenaline with local anesthetics?

    <p>Prolongs local anesthesia and decreases bleeding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of local anaesthetics is more stable due to the absence of basic amine groups?

    <p>Amides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which local anaesthetic is an unusual case with very low solubility and is used for dressing painful skin ulcers?

    <p>Benzocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following local anaesthetics was the first synthetic ester local anaesthetic?

    <p>Procaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes amides from esters in terms of stability?

    <p>Amides are more stable due to their higher pKa values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which local anaesthetic was the first 'amide' type local anaesthetic developed?

    <p>Lidocaine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of local anaesthetic has a structure consisting of an aromatic group, ester or amide group, and an amine group?

    <p>LAs (Local Anaesthetics)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Benzocaine' is an example of which type of local anaesthetic based on its chemistry?

    <p>'Benzocaine'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Tetracaine' belongs to which classification of local anaesthetics based on its chemical structure?

    <p>'Esters'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Procaine' was the first synthetic local anaesthetic belonging to which category?

    <p>'Esters'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Lidocaine' represents which chemical type of local anaesthetics based on its structure?

    <p>'Amides'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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