Liver Diseases and Treatments Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of ascites?

  • Itchy skin
  • Hypotension (correct)
  • Loss of appetite
  • Jaundice

What is the primary cause of ascites?

  • Overactive immune system
  • Portal hypertension (correct)
  • Low sodium intake
  • High levels of albumin

Which medication is contraindicated for patients with hyperkalemia?

  • Furosemide (Lasix)
  • Ibuprofen
  • Paracetamol
  • Spironolactone (Aldactone) (correct)

What is the main purpose of paracentesis in patients with new-onset ascites?

<p>To determine the cause of the fluid build-up (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the usual dosing of albumin for every liter of ascitic fluid removed during paracentesis?

<p>6-8 grams (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of albumin in managing ascites?

<p>Provides increase in intravascular oncotic pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does ascites put a patient at risk for?

<p>Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is used to prevent varices from bleeding?

<p>Nonselective beta blockers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Child-Pugh Score?

<p>To assess the prognosis of chronic liver disease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antibiotics are recommended for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) prophylaxis?

<p>Norfloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Norfloxacin for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) prophylaxis?

<p>Inhibits DNA gyrase in bacteria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim/Septra)?

<p>Rash, photosensitivity, diarrhea, nausea, hyperkalemia at high doses (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is not transmitted by breastfeeding?

<p>Hepatitis B (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common genotype of Hepatitis C in the US?

<p>Genotype 1 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug for Hepatitis C treatment is not recommended for Child-Pugh class B and contraindicated in class C?

<p>Glecaprevir + pibrentasvir (Mavyret) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of HCV transmission in the US?

<p>Injection drug use (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following symptoms is associated with chronic HCV?

<p>Jaundice (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug for the treatment of HBV is not preferred due to high rates of drug resistance?

<p>Adefovir (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern associated with using Ribavirin for HCV treatment?

<p>Reactivation of Hepatitis B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is HBV predominantly spread?

<p>Injection drug use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of infection is most prevalent in young children for HBV?

<p>Chronic HBV infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method used to diagnose HBV?

<p>Serologic tests for antibodies and antigens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when using Tenofovir for HBV treatment?

<p>NSAIDs (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main side effect of Interferon alfa used in HBV treatment?

<p>Chest pain and fatigue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hepatitis can cause both acute and chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis C (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary means of preventing hepatitis A?

<p>Avoiding contaminated food or water (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hepatitis has vaccinations available?

<p>Hepatitis A and B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main mode of preventing hepatitis B?

<p>Unprotected sexual contact (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hepatitis is a self-limiting disease that does not cause a chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis A (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viral hepatitis is uncommon in the United States?

<p>Hepatitis D (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary profession for which hepatitis B vaccines are frequently given?

<p>Healthcare (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viral hepatitis can cause acute and chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of ascites?

<p>Portal hypertension and low levels of albumin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is contraindicated for patients with hyperkalemia?

<p>Spironolactone (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern associated with using Ribavirin for HCV treatment?

<p>Birth defects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when using Tenofovir for HBV treatment?

<p>Alcohol consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of albumin in managing ascites?

<p>Increasing intravascular oncotic pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of HCV transmission in the US?

<p>Sharing needles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Norfloxacin for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) prophylaxis?

<p>Inhibition of bacterial DNA synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of hepatitis can cause both acute and chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main side effect of Interferon alfa used in HBV treatment?

<p>Flu-like symptoms (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What condition does ascites put a patient at risk for?

<p>Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of preventing hepatitis B?

<p>Getting vaccinated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viral hepatitis has vaccinations available?

<p>Hepatitis B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission for hepatitis A?

<p>Contaminated food or water (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viral hepatitis can cause both acute and chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis B (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of ascites?

<p>Cirrhosis of the liver (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viral hepatitis is a self-limiting disease that does not cause a chronic infection?

<p>Hepatitis A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim/Septra)?

<p>Rash and photosensitivity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common genotype of Hepatitis C in the US?

<p>Genotype 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Child-Pugh Score?

<p>To assess liver function and predict prognosis in cirrhosis patients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary method of preventing hepatitis B?

<p>Vaccination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern associated with using Ribavirin for HCV treatment?

<p>Hemolytic anemia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of HCV transmission in the US?

<p>Intravenous drug use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when using Tenofovir for HBV treatment?

<p>Alcohol consumption (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following are signs and symptoms of HBV?

<p>Nausea, vomiting, and dark urine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common method of HCV transmission in the US?

<p>Injection drug use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is contraindicated for patients with hyperkalemia?

<p>Ribavirin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of preventing hepatitis B?

<p>Vaccination (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the side effects of Sofosbuvir + ledipasvir (Harvoni)?

<p>Headache, fatigue, and nausea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern associated with using Ribavirin for HCV treatment?

<p>Reactivation of Hep B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Norfloxacin for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) prophylaxis?

<p>Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be avoided when using Tenofovir for HBV treatment?

<p>Avoid with NSAIDs; do not give with adefovir (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be monitored when using Telbivudine for HBV treatment?

<p>Thyroid function tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Child-Pugh Score?

<p>To evaluate liver disease severity and predict prognosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of infection is most prevalent in young children for HBV?

<p>Chronic infection (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Ascites

A condition marked by the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. This fluid is typically clear, straw-colored, and may resemble water.

Portal Hypertension

High blood pressure in the portal vein, which carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver.

Spironolactone

A medication that blocks the action of aldosterone, a hormone that helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance.

Paracentesis

A procedure to withdraw fluid from the abdominal cavity using a needle.

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Albumin

A specific protein found in blood that helps maintain fluid balance.

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Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP)

A serious bacterial infection of the abdominal fluid, often occurring in patients with ascites.

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Nonselective Beta Blockers

A class of medications that block the action of beta-adrenergic receptors, which can help reduce blood flow to the liver and prevent bleeding from varices.

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Child-Pugh Score

A system used to assess the severity of chronic liver disease based on factors like bilirubin levels, ascites, and encephalopathy.

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Norfloxacin and Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim/Septra)

A group of antibiotics that are commonly used to prevent spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP).

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Norfloxacin

An antibiotic that works by inhibiting DNA gyrase, a key enzyme that bacteria need for DNA replication.

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Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim/Septra)

A common antibiotic combination that can sometimes cause side effects like rash and photosensitivity.

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Hepatitis C (HCV)

A form of viral hepatitis that is commonly transmitted through injection drug use.

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Genotype 1

A common genotype of Hepatitis C in the United States.

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Glecaprevir + pibrentasvir (Mavyret)

A medication used for treating chronic Hepatitis C infection. It's not recommended for individuals with impaired liver function.

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Chronic HCV

A serious medical condition that can occur as a result of Hepatitis C infection.

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Adefovir

A medication used for treating Chronic Hepatitis B infection but not preferred due to high rates of drug resistance.

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Ribavirin

An antiviral medication used to treat Hepatitis C infection. However, it's associated with a risk of reactivating Hepatitis B.

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Hepatitis B

A viral infection that primarily affects the liver, often transmitted through contact with infected blood or bodily fluids.

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Chronic HBV Infection

A serious complication associated with long-term Hepatitis B infection.

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Serologic Tests

The most common way to confirm a Hepatitis B infection. They test for specific antibodies and antigens related to the virus.

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Tenofovir

A medication used to treat Hepatitis B infection. It's important to avoid certain over-the-counter medications like NSAIDs when taking this drug.

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Interferon alfa

A medication used to treat Hepatitis B infection. It can cause a variety of side effects like chest pain and fatigue.

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Hepatitis B

A type of viral hepatitis that can cause both a short-term, acute infection and a long-term, chronic infection.

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Hepatitis A

A type of viral hepatitis that is typically spread through contact with contaminated food or water. It does not usually cause long-term infection.

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Hepatitis D

A less common form of hepatitis infection contracted through exposure to contaminated blood.

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Viral Hepatitis

A type of liver infection caused by a virus.

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Ascites

A condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.

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Spironolactone (Aldactone)

A medication that blocks the action of aldosterone, a hormone that helps regulate blood pressure and fluid balance. It's often used to treat high blood pressure and ascites.

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Hepatitis B

A type of viral hepatitis that is transmitted through contact with contaminated blood or bodily fluids. It's a significant risk factor for chronic liver infection.

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Ribavirin

A medication used to treat chronic Hepatitis B infection, but it's associated with a risk of reactivating Hepatitis B.

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Tenofovir

An important medication used to treat Hepatitis B infection. It's important to avoid alcohol consumption when taking this drug.

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Albumin

A protein found in the blood that helps maintain fluid balance. It's essential for managing ascites by helping to draw fluid back into the bloodstream.

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Sharing needles

The most common way that Hepatitis C infection is spread in the United States.

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Norfloxacin

An antibiotic that stops bacterial DNA replication.

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Hepatitis B

A type of viral hepatitis that can cause both acute and chronic infection.

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Main side effects of interferon alfa used in HBV treatment.

Flu-like symptoms

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Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)

A serious complication of ascites where the abdominal fluid becomes infected. This infection can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

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Primary mode of preventing Hepatitis B

Get vaccinated

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Type of viral hepatitis that has vaccinations available.

Hepatitis B

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Primary mode of transmission for Hepatitis A

Contaminated food or water

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Type of viral hepatitis that can cause both acute and chronic infection.

Hepatitis B

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Primary cause of ascites

Cirrhosis of the liver

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Type of viral hepatitis that is a self-limiting disease that does not cause a chronic infection.

Hepatitis A

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Side effects of Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (Bactrim/Septra)

Rash and photosensitivity

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The most common genotype of Hepatitis C in the US

Genotype 1

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