Liver Anatomy and Functions Quiz

A remnant of the umbilical vein in the fetus, it connects the liver to the inferior vena cava (IVC).

A large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the lower body and the liver to the heart.

A vessel in the fetus that carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetal liver.

A group of vessels that carry blood from the digestive system to the liver.

The upper surface of the liver, which is smooth and dome-shaped.

The lower surface of the liver, which is irregular and faces the abdominal organs.

The area on the visceral surface of the liver where blood vessels, nerves, and bile ducts enter and leave.

A small, pear-shaped sac attached to the liver that stores and concentrates bile.

The largest gland in the human body, weighing approximately 1500 grams and making up about 2.5% of adult body weight.

The liver is primarily located in the right hypochondrium, a region in the upper right part of the abdomen. It extends into the epigastrium (mid-upper abdomen) and even reaches the left hypochondrium.

The liver's functions include producing and secreting bile, metabolizing carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, filtering venous blood from the intestines, detoxifying harmful substances, storing vitamins, and producing bile pigments.

The liver is covered by peritoneum, a membrane that lines the abdominal cavity, with a few exceptions. This 'bare area' is a triangular region on the posterior surface of the right lobe, where the liver directly contacts the diaphragm.

The liver's anterior side is in contact with the diaphragm, the lower right and left pleura (lining of the lungs), and the anterior abdominal wall. The posterior side touches the diaphragm, the right kidney, the hepatic flexure of the colon, the duodenum, the gallbladder, the inferior vena cava, and the esophagus.

A fold of peritoneum that connects the liver to the diaphragm and the anterior abdominal wall, resembling a sickle or crescent shape.

A remnant of the fetal ductus venosus, a blood vessel that bypassed the liver in the womb. It's a fibrous cord connecting the left lobe of the liver to the inferior vena cava.

The coronary ligament encircles the liver, attaching it to the diaphragm. The right and left triangular ligaments extend from the liver to the diaphragm, further supporting its position.

The largest lobe of the liver, located on the right side, further divided into the caudate and quadrate lobes.

The smaller lobe of the liver, located on the left side, more flattened than the right.

A small lobe at the back of the liver, connected to the right lobe by a thin bridge.

A small lobe located on the underside of the liver, facing the gallbladder.

A functional division of the liver based on blood supply.

A groove on the visceral surface of the liver formed by the fissure for the round ligament (ligamentum teres) anteriorly and the fissure for the ligamentum venosum posteriorly.

A groove on the visceral surface of the liver formed by the fossa for the gallbladder anteriorly and the groove for the inferior vena cava posteriorly.

The transverse fissure on the visceral surface of the liver that separates the caudate and quadrate lobes.

The upper part of the lesser omentum connects to this fissure.

These structures pass through the porta hepatis:

Hepatic ducts, hepatic artery branches, portal vein branches, sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers, and hepatic lymph nodes.

These nodes drain the liver and gallbladder, sending their efferent vessels to the celiac lymph nodes.