Literary Theory and Metaphors Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is an example of a metaphorical expression based on the TIME IS MONEY conceptual metaphor?

He's running out of time. (correct)

I'm feeling a little under the weather.

The clock is ticking.

She's on a tight budget.

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic generally found in poetry?

Figurative language

Use of imagery

Regular meter

Standard sentence structure (correct)

What is the main difference between conceptual metaphors and metaphorical expressions?

Conceptual metaphors are used in everyday language, while metaphorical expressions are used in formal writing.

Conceptual metaphors are more abstract, while metaphorical expressions are concrete. (correct)

Conceptual metaphors are based on literal meanings, while metaphorical expressions are based on figurative language.

Conceptual metaphors are used in poetry, while metaphorical expressions are used in prose.

What makes prose poetry distinct from traditional prose?

Prose poetry uses more figurative language. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a factor that influences the conceptual metaphors used in a culture?

Personal preferences (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Stanzel's and Genette's models of narrative?

Stanzel focuses on the narrator's perspective, while Genette focuses on the focaliser. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a covert narrator?

The narrator actively guides the reader's understanding of the events. (D) Signup and view all the answers

When a narrator is outside the story world and tells a story about characters they don't belong to, what type of narration is it?

Heterodiegetic (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of narrator is most likely to be unreliable?

Involved homodiegetic narrator (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the perspective from which an event is perceived in a narrative?

Focalisation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a narrative that is embedded within another narrative?

Intradiegetic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential problem with Stanzel's model of narrative?

It uses misleading terms that can lead to confusion. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one criteria used to determine a narrator's reliability?

The narrator's consistency and coherence. (C) Signup and view all the answers

How does the concept of 'literature as representation' contribute to our understanding of literary texts?

It encourages us to analyze how literary texts reflect and shape the cultural and historical contexts in which they were created. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these are types of rhyme? (Select all that apply)

Consonance (C), Assonance (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between an epic and a ballad?

An epic is a longer poem that often features heroic figures and supernatural events, while a ballad is typically shorter and focuses on a simple story. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a dramatic monologue?

A speech delivered by a single character, often in a play, expressing their thoughts and feelings. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of a sonnet?

A sonnet is a 14-line poem, typically in iambic pentameter, with a specific rhyme scheme. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between end rhyme and internal rhyme?

End rhyme is when words rhyme at the end of each line, while internal rhyme is when words rhyme within a line. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a tercet?

A three-line stanza in a poem. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a subcategory of lyric poetry?

Ballad (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the stage directions in a dramatic text?

They offer insights into the setting, atmosphere, and the characters' actions and movements. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of performative speech acts?

They are always spoken with the intent to persuade. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a monologue and stichomythia?

A monologue is a longer speech than stichomythia. (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the context of analyzing dialogue, what does the 'function' of an individual speech refer to?

The speaker's motive or purpose in making the speech. (D) Signup and view all the answers

According to Grice's norms for cooperative communication, what is considered a violation of the rule of 'relevance'?

Making a statement that is unrelated to the topic at hand. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a performative speech act?

The character says, 'I promise to be there by 5 pm.' (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'stichomythia' refer to?

A dialogue with very quick turn-taking, often a single line per character. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does 'discrepancy' refer to in the context of multiple perspectives in a play?

The conflict between the characters' perspectives on the events of the play. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential consequence of violating Grice's norms for cooperative communication?

Increased understanding and cooperation between speakers. (A) Signup and view all the answers

How does a narrative that begins 'in medias res' typically reveal events that happened before the story's start?

By having characters discuss the past in a way that is both natural and revealing. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of characterization according to the content given?

Narrative, direct (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'ab ovo' refer to in the context of narrative structure?

A narrative that begins at the very start of the plot and follows events chronologically. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What are 'thresholds' and 'liminal spaces' in relation to spatial elements of a narrative?

Spaces that symbolize the transition or transformation of a character or situation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between a 'closed' and an 'open' ending in a narrative?

A closed ending provides a satisfying conclusion to the conflict, while an open ending leaves ambiguity and room for interpretation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'flashforward' in a narrative?

A scene that jumps ahead in time, providing a glimpse into the future. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which character type is described as having a complex and evolving personality, capable of growth and change?

Dynamic (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the concept of 'aesthetic structure' examine within character constellation?

The patterns of similarity and contrast among characters, including their traits and experiences. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Module 1: Literature

Literary studies investigate the central role of storytelling and imagination in life and society.
They expand language competencies, allowing understanding of diverse perspectives and cultures.

What is Literature?

Literature traditionally encompasses written texts but also includes oral and audiovisual forms.

What does Literary Study Encompass?

Literary study involves criticism and theory, analyzing texts for literary merit.
History is also critical for contextualizing literary works and trends over time.

Literary Criticism

Literary criticism focuses on analyzing texts, how they work and create meaning.
It interprets how texts represent various ideas and qualities.
Hermeneutics plays a key part in literary criticism by interpreting meaning in context.
Key aspects of literary criticism involves understanding texts in relation to historical, social, and cultural forces.

Literary History

It meticulously documents the development and changes in literature over time.
Concepts of periods and transitions trace the influence of authors and works.
Interactions with wider cultural contexts are studied.

Genre

Genre identifies a type of literature.
Prose, poetry, and drama are major genres, encompassing many subgenres (e.g., novels, short stories, poems, plays).
Genres are defined by conventions and codes, influencing writing and interpretation.

Literature as Representation

Literary texts are studied as representations of people, events, and concepts in specific times and places.
Key is to understand the culturally produced aspect of these texts.
Not to directly consider that they are the real equivalent of historical reality.

Prose Narrative

Stories shape interpretation and understanding.
Stories have a form, as discourse, of events.
Storytelling can include different roles.
Narrative communication offers significant insight into social dynamics among individuals.

Narrator and Narratee

Communication between narrators and narrattes must be taken in account when analyzing texts.
Key components of analysis include the who, how, and why.
The perspective and positioning of the narrator also play a key role.

Focalization

Focalization denotes point of view characterization.
Internal focalization conveys character's thoughts.
External focalization reports characters' behavior and actions.
Zero focalization is a lack of any restriction on perspective.

Narrative Representation of Characters

Direct insight into a character and their thoughts is different from Indirect narration.
Narrative reports of thought, or indirect thought, provide a different perspective.
Free direct thought reveals a character's mental processes.

Story and Discourse Time

Story time refers to time of events occurring in a narrative.
Discourse time is the time taken or the actual time required to read or hear the story.
Various devices like Ellipsis, Summary, or Scene are used when analyzing story time and discourse time.

Characterization

Characters are defined by traits, appearance, activities (internal and external).
Characterization can be analyzed in relationship to social contexts, perspectives, etc.
Types of characters such as round, flat, static, etc., have different importance within the text structure.

Action

Minimal action has a three state structure (situation, action's potential, success/failure).
Action ending in a text is relevant to closure (character achieving goals, conflict resolution) or open ending (missing closure, unfinished/ambiguous plots).
Suspense is a tool in the narrative structure when analyzing how the reader's expectations are manipulated by the author.

Poetry

Poetry has distinct forms (rhyme schemes, meter, stanza forms).
Figurative language (e.g., metaphors, simile, etc) plays an integral part in the study of poetry.
Different poetic forms provide diversity in how authors convey various sentiments or experiences.

Drama

Drama is text intended for performance.
Study involves analysis of the primary (dialogue), and secondary text (stage directions, characters, etc.).
Theatrical communication examines how the performance is presented (actors, space/locale, time).
Internal/external communication components of drama are analyzed.

Specific Dramatic Subgenres

Tragedy: Elevated characters, fate & necessity, transgression, poetic justice, catharsis, etc...
Comedy: Ordinary characters, chance, reconciliation, happy ending , etc.
Significant is how dramatic performance differs from other performance art forms/genres.

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Description

Test your knowledge of literary theories, metaphors, and narrative techniques with this engaging quiz. Explore the nuances of conceptual metaphors like 'TIME IS MONEY', as well as different types of narration and their characteristics. Challenge yourself to differentiate between prose poetry and traditional prose while answering thought-provoking questions.