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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the purpose of liquid-liquid extraction?
- To transfer a solute from one phase to another phase (correct)
- To combine two immiscible phases
- To separate a solute from one phase into the other based on its relative solubility
- To create tieable glass containers
Which apparatus is typically used for liquid-liquid extraction in the laboratory?
Which apparatus is typically used for liquid-liquid extraction in the laboratory?
- Beaker
- Tieable glass container
- Stirring rod
- Separatory funnel (correct)
What type of compounds are usually extracted using liquid-liquid extraction?
What type of compounds are usually extracted using liquid-liquid extraction?
- Polar compounds from organic phases into aqueous phases
- Inorganic compounds from organic phases into aqueous phases
- Nonpolar compounds from aqueous phases into organic phases
- Organic compounds from aqueous phases into organic phases (correct)
What reduces the electrostatic interactions between the solute and water in liquid-liquid extraction?
What reduces the electrostatic interactions between the solute and water in liquid-liquid extraction?
In liquid-liquid extraction, what is the basic requirement for a solute to be extractable from an aqueous solution to an organic solvent?
In liquid-liquid extraction, what is the basic requirement for a solute to be extractable from an aqueous solution to an organic solvent?
What is the basic principle of solvent extraction?
What is the basic principle of solvent extraction?
What does the partition coefficient (K) or distribution constant (KD) measure?
What does the partition coefficient (K) or distribution constant (KD) measure?
What properties must the organic solvent pair have in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)?
What properties must the organic solvent pair have in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)?
What is the aim of the experiment described in the text?
What is the aim of the experiment described in the text?
What is the purpose of adding H2SO4 and KI to the CCl4 layer in the procedure?
What is the purpose of adding H2SO4 and KI to the CCl4 layer in the procedure?
How is the partition coefficient (KD) related to the solubility of a solute in two immiscible solvents?
How is the partition coefficient (KD) related to the solubility of a solute in two immiscible solvents?
What are the essential properties of the organic solvent used in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)?
What are the essential properties of the organic solvent used in liquid-liquid extraction (LLE)?
What is the aim of determining the partition coefficient (KD) of I2 between water and CCl4 solvents?
What is the aim of determining the partition coefficient (KD) of I2 between water and CCl4 solvents?
What is the procedure to determine the partition coefficient (KD) of I2 between water and CCl4 solvents?
What is the procedure to determine the partition coefficient (KD) of I2 between water and CCl4 solvents?
How can you predict whether a solute is more soluble in the aqueous (aq) or organic (org) phase?
How can you predict whether a solute is more soluble in the aqueous (aq) or organic (org) phase?
What is the purpose of using a separatory funnel in liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the purpose of using a separatory funnel in liquid-liquid extraction?
What type of compounds are typically extracted using liquid-liquid extraction?
What type of compounds are typically extracted using liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the role of charge neutrality in the extractability of a solute in liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the role of charge neutrality in the extractability of a solute in liquid-liquid extraction?
What is the aim of using H2SO4 and KI in the CCl4 layer in the procedure?
What is the aim of using H2SO4 and KI in the CCl4 layer in the procedure?
What properties must the organic solvent pair have in liquid-liquid extraction?
What properties must the organic solvent pair have in liquid-liquid extraction?
Study Notes
Liquid-Liquid Extraction
- The purpose of liquid-liquid extraction is to separate and purify compounds based on their differences in solubility in two immiscible solvents.
Apparatus and Procedure
- A separatory funnel is typically used for liquid-liquid extraction in the laboratory.
- H2SO4 and KI are added to the CCl4 layer to increase the solvent's extracting power.
Extractable Compounds
- Typically, non-polar and slightly polar compounds are extracted using liquid-liquid extraction.
- Compounds with reduced electrostatic interactions with water, such as salts and ionic compounds, are more easily extracted.
Partition Coefficient (KD) and Solubility
- The partition coefficient (KD) measures the ratio of a solute's concentration in the organic solvent to its concentration in water.
- A high KD indicates the solute is more soluble in the organic solvent, while a low KD indicates it is more soluble in water.
- The partition coefficient is related to the solubility of a solute in two immiscible solvents.
Properties of Organic Solvents
- The organic solvent pair must have the following properties: immiscibility with water, high solubility for the analyte, and a density difference with water.
Aim and Purpose
- The aim of determining the partition coefficient (KD) is to understand the extractability of a solute from an aqueous solution to an organic solvent.
- The purpose of liquid-liquid extraction is to separate and purify compounds based on their solubility differences in two immiscible solvents.
Solute Extractability
- A solute is extractable from an aqueous solution to an organic solvent if it has lower electrostatic interactions with water, such as salts and ionic compounds.
- Charge neutrality plays a role in the extractability of a solute in liquid-liquid extraction.
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Description
This quiz covers the experiment on determining the partition coefficient of iodine between water and carbon tetrachloride using liquid-liquid extraction. It includes the concepts and procedures involved in this separation technique.