Lipids in Medicine

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following food sources are high in cholesterol content?

  • Legumes
  • Fruits and vegetables
  • Organ meats, such as liver and brain (correct)
  • Whole grains

What percentage of the body's cholesterol is produced by the liver?

  • 80% (correct)
  • 70%
  • 50%
  • 90%

Who discovered cholesterol in 1815?

  • Konrad Bloch
  • M.E. Chevreul (correct)
  • David Rittenberg
  • Brown and Goldstein

What is the name of the protein that grabs cholesterol-carrying particles from the blood?

<p>LDL-receptor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the method used by Konrad Bloch and David Rittenberg to study cholesterol biosynthesis?

<p>Isotopic tracer methods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a source of cholesterol?

<p>Foods of plant origin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the clinical attention given to cholesterol and triglycerides?

<p>Their abnormal concentrations in the plasma (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major contributor to the high prevalence of high cholesterol levels in children?

<p>A high fat diet and sedentary lifestyle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for increased plasma lipoproteins?

<p>Hyperlipoproteinemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the acceptable range for LDL cholesterol in children and adolescents?

<p>&lt; 110 mg/dL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a lipid profile test in clinical chemistry laboratories?

<p>To diagnose lipid disorders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations and atherosclerosis?

<p>Elevated plasma cholesterol concentrations are related to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What lifestyle change can help control cholesterol levels?

<p>Increasing physical activity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why are children with a family history of early heart disease considered high-risk?

<p>They are more likely to have high cholesterol (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the major lipids present in the plasma, excluding lipid-soluble substances?

<p>Fatty acids, triglycerides, cholesterol, and phospholipids (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the blood cholesterol level considered high for children and adolescents?

<p>&gt; 200 mg/dL (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for abnormal concentrations of lipids in the plasma?

<p>Abnormalities in the synthesis, degradation, and transport of lipoprotein particles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increased lipid to protein ratio on the size and density of lipoproteins?

<p>The size of the micelles increases and the density of lipoproteins decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended range for LDL-c in order to reduce the risk of heart disease?

<p>&lt; 130 mg/dL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of diabetes on lipoprotein levels?

<p>Lowers 'good' cholesterol levels and raises triglyceride and 'bad' cholesterol levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of obesity on blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels?

<p>Raises blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended blood pressure to reduce the risk of heart disease?

<p>&lt; 140/90 or under (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk of heart disease associated with?

<p>Family history of heart disease at an early age (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major consequence of high cholesterol levels, besides heart disease?

<p>Gallstones, osteoarthritis, and respiratory problems (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do premenopausal women tend to have lower rates of heart disease?

<p>Higher levels of HDL cholesterol (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of estrogen and progesterone during pregnancy?

<p>Thickening the uterine lining and increasing blood flow (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do older women tend to have higher triglyceride levels?

<p>Due to hormonal changes during menopause (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

At what stage of life does atherosclerosis begin to develop?

<p>During childhood (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why children or teenagers rarely have a heart attack or stroke?

<p>Because the process of atherosclerosis takes many years to develop (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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