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Questions and Answers
What is the main component of sphingo phospholipids?
What is the main component of sphingo phospholipids?
- Sphingosine (correct)
- Choline
- Glycerol
- Ceramide
What is the function of cerebrosides?
What is the function of cerebrosides?
- To provide structural support to the cell
- To act as an insulator of nerve impulses (correct)
- To transport molecules across the cell membrane
- To catalyze chemical reactions
What is the name of the lipid that contains a phosphate group and a choline base?
What is the name of the lipid that contains a phosphate group and a choline base?
- Glycolipid
- Phospholipid
- Sphingomyelin (correct)
- Ceramide
What is the name of the lipid that contains a carbohydrate moiety?
What is the name of the lipid that contains a carbohydrate moiety?
What is the name of the lipid that contains a sulphur group?
What is the name of the lipid that contains a sulphur group?
What is the base of phosphatidyl inositol?
What is the base of phosphatidyl inositol?
What is the name of the lipid that consists of ceramide and a sugar molecule?
What is the name of the lipid that consists of ceramide and a sugar molecule?
Which of the following lipids is present in high concentrations in brain and nerve tissues?
Which of the following lipids is present in high concentrations in brain and nerve tissues?
What is the function of phosphatidyl inositol diphosphate and inositol triphosphate?
What is the function of phosphatidyl inositol diphosphate and inositol triphosphate?
What is the name of the compound formed by the linkage of sphingosine and a fatty acid?
What is the name of the compound formed by the linkage of sphingosine and a fatty acid?
What is the unique feature of plasmalogens?
What is the unique feature of plasmalogens?
What is the percentage of plasmalogens in cell membrane phospholipids in brain and muscle?
What is the percentage of plasmalogens in cell membrane phospholipids in brain and muscle?
What is the unique feature of cardiolipin?
What is the unique feature of cardiolipin?
Where is cardiolipin primarily found?
Where is cardiolipin primarily found?
What is the primary function of lecithin as a lipotropic factor?
What is the primary function of lecithin as a lipotropic factor?
What is the role of dipalmitoyl lecithin in the lungs?
What is the role of dipalmitoyl lecithin in the lungs?
What is the function of cephalins in the formation of cell walls?
What is the function of cephalins in the formation of cell walls?
What is the result of a deficiency in lung surfactant in premature babies?
What is the result of a deficiency in lung surfactant in premature babies?
What is the role of lung surfactant during inspiration?
What is the role of lung surfactant during inspiration?
What is the difference between lecithins and cephalins?
What is the difference between lecithins and cephalins?
Which component is typically present in cerebrosides?
Which component is typically present in cerebrosides?
Which of the following compounds is called ceramide?
Which of the following compounds is called ceramide?
Sialic acid is a constituent of which of the following?
Sialic acid is a constituent of which of the following?
Which of the following is not a location where ceramide is found?
Which of the following is not a location where ceramide is found?
A compound with sulfated carbohydrate is most likely a:
A compound with sulfated carbohydrate is most likely a:
Which one of the following sentences is true about a specific molecule?
Which one of the following sentences is true about a specific molecule?
What is the simplest type of phospholipid?
What is the simplest type of phospholipid?
Which group attached to a lipid forms a phospholipid?
Which group attached to a lipid forms a phospholipid?
What type of alcohol is found in sphingophospholipids?
What type of alcohol is found in sphingophospholipids?
Which phospholipid is involved in the formation of cell walls and cell membranes?
Which phospholipid is involved in the formation of cell walls and cell membranes?
What term describes lipids combined with other components?
What term describes lipids combined with other components?
Which component is not attached to phosphatidic acid?
Which component is not attached to phosphatidic acid?
Which of the following is not a derived lipid?
Which of the following is not a derived lipid?
What characterizes glycerophospholipids among phospholipids?
What characterizes glycerophospholipids among phospholipids?
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Study Notes
Lipid Classification
- Simple lipids: Composed of fatty acids and alcohols, including triglycerides (oils and fats) and waxes.
- Compound lipids: Complexed with other components; includes phospholipids, glycolipids, and lipoproteins.
- Derived lipids: Includes fatty acids, steroids, and fat-soluble vitamins.
Complex Lipids
- Formed by lipids bonded with other groups:
- Phospholipids: Contain phosphate groups.
- Glycolipids: Contain carbohydrate moieties.
- Lipoproteins: Contain protein moieties.
- Sulpholipids: Contain sulfur groups.
- Aminolipids: Contain amino groups.
Phospholipids
- Two types:
- Glycerophospholipid: Made from glycerol.
- Sphingophospholipid: Made from sphingosine.
- Amphipathic nature due to hydrophilic (water-attracting) and hydrophobic (water-repelling) parts.
- Phosphate group may be attached to nitrogenous bases like choline, serine, or inositol.
Types of Glycero Phospholipids
- Phosphatidic Acid: Simplest phospholipid, functioning as an intermediate in triglyceride and lecithin synthesis.
- Lecithin (Phosphatidyl Choline): Vital for forming cell walls and membranes.
- Cardiolipin (Di Phosphatidyl Glycerol): Important for mitochondrial structure and function.
Other Key Lipids
- Sialic Acid: A component of gangliosides; enhances cell recognition and signaling.
- Ceramide: Key component of sphingolipids, present in various membranes (notable in nervous system).
- Sulpholipids: Typically contain sulfated carbohydrates, adding to their structural properties.
Chemical Groups in Phospholipids
- Phosphatidylserine: Functions in cellular signaling and apoptosis.
- Phosphatidylinositol: Plays a role in cell signaling pathways.
Functionality Overview
- Phospholipids are crucial for forming cellular membranes, providing structure and fluidity.
- Sphingomyelin forms protective sheaths around neurons, essential for proper electrical signal conduction.
- Complex lipids assist in various metabolic processes and play significant roles in biological membranes.
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