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Questions and Answers
Lipids are fatty, waxy, or oily ______ that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as water.
compounds
Fatty acids are released from ______ during fasting to provide a source of energy.
triacylglycerols
Triacylglycerols are the primary storage form of ______ fatty acids, which are broken down for energy and used in the structural formation of cells.
long chain
Some lipids are comprised of ______ rings, a feature common to human sex pheromones.
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Sphingolipids have a ______ base, such as sphingosine, to which a fatty acid is linked by an amide bond.
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Phospholipids can form stable structures called ______ if shaken up with water.
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Lipids are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents such as ______.
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Fatty acids are released from ______ to provide a source of energy during fasting.
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Triacylglycerols are the primary storage form of long chain ______ acids, which are broken down for energy and used in the structural formation of cells.
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Some lipids are comprised of ______, a feature common to human sex pheromones.
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Lipids play a role in ______ as they affect cell-cell interactions, immune responses and cell proliferation.
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Lipoproteins are used to store and transport excess dietary (exogenous) and liver-generated (endogenous) ______ and cholesterol.
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Study Notes
Lipids
- Fatty, waxy, or oily compounds soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents like water.
- Released from triacylglycerols during fasting to provide energy.
- Primary storage form of long-chain fatty acids, broken down for energy and used in cell structural formation.
Structure and Composition
- May be comprised of glycerol fatty acid esters, phosphatidic acids, and alcohols.
- Some lipids have a tetracyclic ring structure, similar to human sex pheromones.
- Others have a long-chain or sphingoid base, such as sphingosine, linked to a fatty acid by an amide bond.
Biological Functions
- Crucial during cell development, affecting cell-cell interactions, immune responses, and cell proliferation.
- Play a role in metabolism, storing and transporting excess dietary and liver-generated lipids and cholesterol.
Synthesis and Properties
- Formed through polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits using enzymes.
- Can form a single layer with heads in water and tails projecting out, and can form stable micelles when shaken with water.
Lipids
- Are fatty, waxy, or oily compounds that are soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in polar solvents like water.
- Play a crucial role in cell development, affecting cell-cell interactions, immune responses, and cell proliferation.
- Are essential for metabolism, storing and transporting excess dietary and liver-generated lipids and cholesterol.
Fatty Acids
- Are released from triacylglycerols during fasting to provide a source of energy.
- Are the primary component of triacylglycerols, broken down for energy and used in cell structural formation.
Triacylglycerols
- Are the primary storage form of long-chain fatty acids, which are broken down for energy and used in cell structural formation.
Sterols
- Are comprised of tetracyclic rings, a feature common to human sex pheromones.
Glycerophospholipids
- Are comprised of glycerol, fatty acid esters, phosphatidic acids, and alcohols.
Sphingolipids
- Have a long-chain or sphingoid base, such as sphingosine, to which a fatty acid is linked by an amide bond.
Glycolipids
- Are crucial during cell development, affecting cell-cell interactions, immune responses, and cell proliferation.
Lipoproteins
- Play a role in metabolism, storing and transporting excess dietary and liver-generated lipids and cholesterol.
Polyketides
- Are made by polymerization of acetyl and propionyl subunits using enzymes.
Phospholipids
- Form a single layer with heads in water and tails projecting out of the water, and can form stable structures called micelles if shaken up with water.
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Description
Learn about the composition and structure of lipids, including their solubility, energy storage, and cellular functions.
