Lipid Chemistry Lecture
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Questions and Answers

What type of reaction is hydrolytic rancidity an example of?

  • Oxidation reaction
  • Hydrolysis reaction (correct)
  • Auto-oxidation reaction
  • Saponification reaction
  • What is the site of the reaction in oxidative rancidity?

  • Fatty acid's double bond (correct)
  • Ester link
  • Hydroxyl group
  • Carboxyl group
  • What are the toxic products produced in fat rancidity?

  • Aldehydes, ketones, and acids (correct)
  • Peroxides and aldehydes
  • Peroxides, aldehydes, and ketones
  • Aldehydes and ketones
  • How can hydrolytic rancidity be prevented?

    <p>By refrigeration and vacuum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the copper acetate test?

    <p>To detect free hydrolyzed fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of glycerol when concentrated sulphuric acid is added?

    <p>Acroline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of fat rancidity on fat-soluble vitamins?

    <p>It destroys them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of adding antioxidants to food?

    <p>To prevent oxidative rancidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the specific gravity of triglycerides?

    <p>Less than 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of hydrogenation in triglycerides?

    <p>To add hydrogen to unsaturated fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of iodine number in fats and oils?

    <p>It determines the degree of unsaturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of hydrolysis of triglycerides?

    <p>Formation of fatty acids and glycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of saponification number?

    <p>To determine the average molecular weight of fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of saponification number in testing the purity of butter?

    <p>It determines the concentration of volatile fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of nickel in hydrogenation?

    <p>Catalyst</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of halogenation of triglycerides?

    <p>Formation of halogens and fatty acids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of saturated fatty acids?

    <p>They contain no double bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fatty acid is commonly found in olive oil?

    <p>Oleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which molecule is part of simple lipids?

    <p>Alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for unsaturated fatty acids?

    <p>CnH2n-1COOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Palmitoleic acid is an example of which type of fatty acid?

    <p>Mono unsaturated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these solvents can dissolve lipids?

    <p>Ether</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which oils is lauric acid commonly found?

    <p>Coconut oil and palm kernel oil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Lipids serve as a source of energy that yields how many calories per gram?

    <p>9 Cal/g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fatty acid is found in cerebrosides?

    <p>Lignoceric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which plants can you find linoleic acid?

    <p>Corn and peanut</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary storage form of fats in adipose tissue?

    <p>Triacylglycerol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lipid acts as a thermal insulator against cold when stored under the skin?

    <p>Fat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What important compound used in the synthesis of cholesterol is derived from lipids?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of lipid is involved in the transport of lipids in the blood?

    <p>Lipoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fatty acid is categorized under polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) with 3 double bonds?

    <p>α-Linolenic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fatty acid that must be obtained from the diet because it cannot be synthesized in the body?

    <p>Arachidonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes?

    <p>Lipoxygenase (LOX)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fatty acid described as having 20 carbons and 5 double bonds?

    <p>Timnodonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)?

    <p>Stearic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which essential fatty acid is a precursor of eicosanoids?

    <p>Arachidonic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nonessential fatty acid can be synthesized in the body?

    <p>Palmitoleic acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disease is caused by a deficiency in essential fatty acids?

    <p>Phrynoderma</p> Signup and view all the answers

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