Tongue and taste buds medium
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Tongue and taste buds medium

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of filiform papillae?

  • Flushing out taste pores
  • Secretion of saliva
  • Taste sensation
  • Mechanical function to guide food (correct)

    • Where are fungiform papillae more densely located?

  • Near the sulcus terminalis
  • On the lateral borders of the tongue
  • In the trenches of circumvallate papillae
  • Towards the tip and lateral surfaces (correct)

    • What is a notable feature of circumvallate papillae?

  • They contain no taste buds
  • They sit in a sunken trench when the tongue is relaxed (correct)
  • They are the smallest type of papillae
  • They are only present at the tongue's tip

    • What role do Von Ebner's glands play in relation to circumvallate papillae?

    <p>They flush out the trenches to introduce new taste sensations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many taste buds are typically found in circumvallate papillae?

    <p>Hundreds at the base of their walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of papillae are known for having parallel ridges and grooves?

    <p>Foliate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the turnover rate for taste bud cells?

    <p>Approximately 10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of papillae is primarily involved in taste sensation and has a thin outer layer of keratinized epithelium?

    <p>Fungiform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the appearance of filiform papillae from other types?

    <p>They have a rough appearance and texture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common site for squamous cell carcinomas in oropharyngeal cancers?

    <p>Posterior lateral border of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by an overgrowth of cells creating elongated papillae on the tongue?

    <p>Black hairy tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can oral piercings impact oral hygiene?

    <p>They can lead to calculus buildup</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended treatment for black hairy tongue?

    <p>Cleaning with a toothbrush or tongue scraper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors can contribute to the appearance of black hairy tongue?

    <p>Radiotherapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of lesion is most commonly associated with squamous cell carcinoma?

    <p>Mixed white and red lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the genioglossus muscle?

    <p>To pull the tongue forward</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for depressing the tongue?

    <p>Hyoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles originates from the hyoid bone?

    <p>Hyoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action does the palatoglossus muscle perform?

    <p>Lifts up the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The primary role of intrinsic muscles of the tongue is to:

    <p>Alter the shape of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin point for the genioglossus muscle?

    <p>Superior genial tubercle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of the palatoglossus muscle compared to other extrinsic muscles?

    <p>It originates from the soft palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle helps form a concavity on the dorsal surface of the tongue?

    <p>Genioglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle primarily assists in the retraction of the tongue?

    <p>Hyoglossus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Styloglossus muscle blends with which other muscle?

    <p>Intrinsic longitudinal muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary action of the Superior Longitudinal Muscle?

    <p>Shortens the tongue and turns the tip and sides upwards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic muscle of the tongue primarily pulls the tip and sides downwards?

    <p>Inferior Longitudinal Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do the fibers of the Transverse Muscle originate?

    <p>Median lingual septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is responsible for flattening and broadening the tongue?

    <p>Vertical Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structure does the Inferior Longitudinal Muscle originate from?

    <p>Hyoid bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main action of the Transverse Muscle in the tongue?

    <p>Narrows and lengthens the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following muscles does NOT alter the shape of the tongue?

    <p>Genioglossus Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the tongue is supplied by the posterior sensory nerve?

    <p>Posterior 1/3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which intrinsic muscle acts to shorten the tongue?

    <p>Inferior Longitudinal Muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functions does the Vertical Muscle NOT perform?

    <p>Narrows the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve is responsible for sensory taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

    <p>Facial Nerve (VII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary blood vessel supplying the tongue?

    <p>Lingual artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes Geographic Tongue?

    <p>Characterized by smooth, red patches resembling a map</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of glossitis is characterized by inflammation and changes in surface texture?

    <p>Acute glossitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which nerve provides motor supply to the majority of the muscles of the tongue?

    <p>Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is commonly managed by avoiding acidic and spicy foods?

    <p>Geographic tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of glossitis is specifically categorized as 'median rhomboid'?

    <p>Caused by nutritional deficiencies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein is mainly responsible for draining blood from the tongue?

    <p>Lingual vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Palatoglossus muscle motor supply is provided by which nerve?

    <p>Vagus Nerve (X)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of glossitis?

    <p>Bacterial infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Lingual Papillae

    • Filiform papillae are numerous, rough, and located on the dorsal surface of the tongue.
      • They lack taste buds and play a mechanical role in guiding food towards the pharynx for swallowing.
    • Fungiform papillae are mushroom-shaped, scattered across the tongue, and are more prominent towards the tip and lateral surfaces.
      • They are responsible for taste sensation due to the presence of taste buds.
    • Circumvallate papillae are large, mushroom-shaped structures located immediately anterior to the sulcus terminalis.
      • They contain hundreds of taste buds at their base.
      • Von Ebner's glands secrete saliva into the trenches surrounding the circumvallate papillae, flushing out old tastes and introducing new ones.
    • Foliate papillae are leaf-like structures found on the lateral borders of the tongue.
      • They have a few taste buds present and contribute to taste sensation.

    Taste Buds

    • Taste buds are barrel-shaped organs comprised of 30-80 spindle-shaped cells.
    • They are found on the surface of fungiform, foliate, and circumvallate papillae.
    • Taste bud cells turnover rapidly with an average lifespan of 10 days.

    Muscles of the Tongue

    • Muscles of the tongue are divided into two groups: extrinsic and intrinsic.
    • Extrinsic muscles originate outside the tongue and insert into it, altering the position of the tongue.
      • Genioglossus pulls the tongue forward for protrusion.
      • Hyoglossus depresses the tongue and assists in retraction.
      • Palatoglossus lifts the tongue, closing the mouth from the pharynx.
      • Styloglossus draws the tongue upward and backward.
    • Intrinsic muscles are entirely contained within the tongue and change its shape.
      • Superior Longitudinal Muscle shortens the tongue and turns its tip and sides upward.
      • Inferior Longitudinal Muscle shortens the tongue and pulls its tip and sides downward.
      • Vertical Muscle flattens and broadens the tongue.
      • Transverse Muscle narrows and lengthens the tongue.

    Nerve Innervation and Blood Supply

    • The tongue has both sensory and motor innervation.
    • Sensory and Taste:
      • Posterior 1/3: Glossopharyngeal Nerve (IX)
      • Anterior 2/3: Lingual Nerve (Trigeminal Nerve V)
        • Taste: Chorda Tympani (Facial Nerve VII) & Lingual Nerve
    • Motor Supply:
      • Hypoglossal nerve (XII) except for the Palatoglossus which is supplied by the Vagus nerve (X)
      • Palatoglossus also receives innervation from the lingual nerve.
    • Blood supply to the tongue is primarily through the Lingual Artery, a branch of the external carotid artery.
      • The deep lingual artery branches from the lingual artery.
    • Venous drainage is through the Lingual Vein, which connects to the deep lingual veins.

    Tongue 'Abnormal' Appearance

    • Geographic Tongue is a benign condition characterized by smooth, irregular red patches and white wavy lines on the tongue.
      • Depapillation causes the smooth patches.
      • The appearance resembles a map, leading to the name 'geographic'.
    • Glossitis is inflammation of the tongue, causing swelling, redness, and changes in surface texture.
      • Causes include anemia, celiac disease, trauma, allergic reactions, and infections.
      • Different types include acute, chronic, atrophic, and median rhomboid glossitis.
    • Tongue Piercings can contribute to poor oral hygiene and damage to teeth.
      • Calculus can build up on the piercing site.
      • Acrylic balls used in piercings can help reduce the risk of tooth wear.
    • Black Hairy Tongue occurs when cell overgrowth causes elongated papillae.
      • Food, bacteria, and yeast become trapped, leading to discoloration.
      • Smoking, antibiotics, and radiation therapy can also contribute to this condition.
      • Treated by cleaning and lifestyle changes.
    • Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) accounts for 95% of oropharyngeal cancers.
      • The tongue is the most common site, with 40% occurring on the posterior lateral border or ventral surface.
      • This condition is covered in more detail later during dental specialties training.

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    Tongue, Taste Buds and Taste PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the various types of lingual papillae, including filiform, fungiform, circumvallate, and foliate. Each type's structure and role in taste sensation are explored, as well as the function of taste buds in the human mouth. Test your knowledge of these essential components of taste and anatomy!

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