Linear Model of Communication

Study Notes

Represents a one-way flow of information from sender to receiver with no feedback.
Used primarily for factual information dissemination or persuasive communication.
Aristotle’s Model (5 BCE) emphasizes public speaking over interpersonal communication.
Five elements in Aristotle's Model: Speaker, Speech, Occasion, Target Audience, and Effect.
Ethos (credibility), Pathos (emotions), and Logos (logic) are core components that improve communication effectiveness.

Consists of five critical questions guiding the communication process: Who, What, Which, To Whom, and What Effect.
Illustrates the interaction between a librarian (source) and a student (receiver) as a communication example.

Introduces the concept of noise, impacting the message transmission and reception.
Emphasizes encoding (message conversion) and decoding (message interpretation).
Originally a linear model, adapted into a cyclical format by adding feedback, making it more interactive.

Follows the SMCR framework: Source, Message, Channel, Receiver.
Highlights the importance of the sender’s communication skills, attitude, and knowledge.
Defines message content, treatment, code (language), and the role of channels (senses) in communication.
Stresses the need for common ground between source and receiver for effective communication.

Contrasts linear models by promoting two-way communication.
Considers feedback and response as integral elements of the communication process.

Proposes a circular communication process treating participants as equal senders/receivers.
Emphasizes the need for easy interpretation and the importance of active listening for effective interaction.

Begins with environmental factors impacting the communication process.
Comprises nine elements: environment, sensory experience, source, object orientation, receiver, feedback, gatekeepers, and opinion leaders.
Argues personal background influences message interpretation and future interactions.

A dynamic communication method where both participants continuously influence the conversation outcome.
Emphasizes the cooperative nature of conversation, reflecting the complexities of evolving discussions.

Focuses on real-time communication; both sender and receiver actively shape meeting outcomes.
Acknowledges the role of noise in differing perceptions.

Developed by Frank Dance in 1967 likening communication to a helix, representing continuous growth over time.
Highlights the dynamic and evolving nature of communication as individuals mature and gain experience.