10 Questions
Why is mixing reactants in non-stoichiometric amounts problematic in a chemical reaction?
One reactant will be used up before the others, limiting the product yield
What are the two factors that affect the yield of a product in a chemical reaction?
Mole ratio and temperature
What determines which reactant is the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
The mole ratio of the reactants
How does limiting reactant affect the yield of a chemical reaction?
It limits the amount of product that can be formed
What is stoichiometry in a chemical reaction?
The fixed mole ratio in which reactants combine
Which of the following statements accurately describes the role of the limiting reactant in a chemical reaction?
The limiting reactant determines the maximum amount of product that can be formed, regardless of the quantities of other reactants present.
If a reaction has the balanced equation 2A + 3B → C, and the initial amounts of A and B are not in the stoichiometric ratio, which of the following statements is true?
The reaction will proceed until the limiting reactant is completely consumed, leaving an excess of the other reactant(s).
In a reaction involving the decomposition of $\mathrm{NaHCO_3}$ (sodium bicarbonate) to form $\mathrm{Na_2CO_3}$ (sodium carbonate), $\mathrm{CO_2}$ (carbon dioxide), and $\mathrm{H_2O}$ (water), which of the following statements is true if $\mathrm{NaHCO_3}$ is the limiting reactant?
All of the $\mathrm{NaHCO_3}$ will be consumed, and there will be excess $\mathrm{CO_2}$ and $\mathrm{H_2O}$ remaining.
Suppose a reaction has the balanced equation 2X + Y → 3Z, and the initial amounts of X and Y are 10 moles and 8 moles, respectively. What is the limiting reactant in this case?
Y is the limiting reactant.
In a reaction involving the combustion of methane ($\mathrm{CH_4}$) and oxygen ($\mathrm{O_2}$) to produce carbon dioxide ($\mathrm{CO_2}$) and water ($\mathrm{H_2O}$), which of the following statements is true if $\mathrm{O_2}$ is the limiting reactant?
All of the $\mathrm{O_2}$ will be consumed, and there will be excess $\mathrm{CH_4}$ remaining.
Study Notes
Chemical Reaction Factors
- Two factors affect the yield of product in a chemical reaction:
- The amount of starting materials (reactants) is one of the factors.
Stoichiometry
- Chemicals react according to fixed mole ratio (stoichiometry).
- Reactants are used up in the correct amounts according to the balanced equation.
- All reactants are used up during the reaction in stoichiometric amounts.
Limiting Reactant
- When reactants are not mixed in the correct mole ratio (non-stoichiometric amounts), one reactant will be used up before the others.
- The reactant that is used up first limits the amount of product formed.
Test your knowledge on determining the limiting reactant in a salt mixture and calculating the percent composition of each substance. Understand how reactants in a chemical reaction affect the yield of the product.
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