12 Questions
Why is it important to balance a chemical equation before performing stoichiometric calculations?
To ensure conservation of mass
Which statement defines a limiting reactant?
The reactant that is completely consumed and limits the amount of product formed
What is the molar mass of CaCO3?
40.08 g/mol
Which compound has the highest percent composition of carbon?
CO2
What does the empirical formula of a compound represent?
The simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in the compound
Which factor does NOT influence the stoichiometry of a chemical reaction?
Color of reactants
In the reaction 2 NaOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) ⟶ Na2SO4(aq) + 2 H2O(l), if 10.0 moles of sodium hydroxide are neutralized, how many moles of sulfuric acid are required?
10.0 moles
For the combustion of 20.0 g of ethane (C2H6) in the reaction C2H6(g) + 7/2 O2(g) ⟶ 2 CO2(g) + 3 H2O(g), what is the volume of CO2 produced at STP (standard temperature and pressure)?
44.8 L
In the reaction Fe(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ⟶ FeCl2(aq) + H2(g), if 10.0 g of iron produces 1.5 L of hydrogen gas at STP, what is the percent yield of the reaction?
95.6%
What is the mass of aluminum chloride produced when 35.0 g of aluminum reacts with excess chlorine gas in the reaction: 2 Al(s) + 3 Cl2(g) ⟶ 2 AlCl3(s)?
140 g
Why is the concept of limiting reactants crucial in stoichiometry calculations? Select the most accurate statement.
It determines the reactant that is completely consumed and limits the amount of product formed.
Which factor can lead to a percent yield greater than 100% in a chemical reaction?
Formation of unexpected by-products
Study Notes
Stoichiometry Basics
- Balancing a chemical equation is necessary to ensure conservation of mass
- The limiting reactant is the reactant that is completely consumed and limits the amount of product formed
- The molar mass of a compound is essential in stoichiometric calculations
Chemical Equations and Stoichiometry
- A balanced chemical equation is necessary for stoichiometric calculations
- The stoichiometric significance of a reaction involves the mole ratio of reactants and products
Molar Mass and Percent Composition
- The molar mass of a compound is calculated by summing the atomic masses of its constituent elements
- The percent composition of a compound is the percentage of each element by mass in the compound
Stoichiometric Calculations
- The number of moles of a reactant or product can be calculated using the mole ratio and the amount of the other reactant or product
- The mass of a reactant or product can be calculated using the molar mass and the number of moles
Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield
- The limiting reactant is the reactant that determines the amount of product formed
- The percent yield is the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield, expressed as a percentage
Empirical and Molecular Formulas
- The empirical formula of a compound is the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms in the compound
- The molecular formula of a compound is the actual number of atoms of each element in a molecule of the compound
Applications of Stoichiometry
- Stoichiometry has applications in real-life situations, such as industrial processes and everyday life
- Stoichiometric calculations are essential in these applications to ensure the correct amount of reactants and products are used
Safety Precautions
- Safety precautions are essential in experimental stoichiometry to mitigate risks associated with handling certain chemicals
- Hazards associated with handling certain chemicals include chemical reactions, explosions, and environmental damage
Test your understanding of stoichiometry concepts with this practice quiz. Questions cover topics such as balancing chemical equations and identifying limiting reactants. Choose the correct answer from the multiple-choice options provided.
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