Light & Geometric Optics Quiz
42 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What phenomenon is primarily utilized by fiber optics to transmit information over long distances?

  • Refraction
  • Total Internal Reflection (TIR) (correct)
  • Diffraction
  • Reflection

    • Which type of lens causes parallel light rays to converge to a single point?

  • Biconcave Lens
  • Plano-Convex Lens
  • Diverging Lens
  • Converging Lens (correct)

    • How do retroreflectors work in returning light?

  • They refract the light in various directions.
  • They absorb the light and emit it back.
  • They create a beam of light that diverges outward.
  • They reflect light back in the same direction from which it came. (correct)

    • What does the focal point of a lens describe?

    <p>The position where parallel incident rays meet after passing through the lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of lens mentioned in the content?

    <p>Cylindrical Lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a lens that causes parallel light rays to spread apart?

    <p>Divergence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What shapes are typically formed by retroreflectors?

    <p>Cubes with rounded edges</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle explains the bending of light when it passes through different mediums?

    <p>Refraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between virtual and real images?

    <p>Virtual images do not actually represent an object, while real images do.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of mirror can produce both virtual and real images?

    <p>Concave mirrors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines a virtual image in curved mirrors?

    <p>It appears to diverge from a point where light never actually converges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to light rays when reflected off a plane mirror?

    <p>They diverge and form a virtual image only.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for a real image to be formed using curved mirrors?

    <p>Light rays must converge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding the characteristics of images formed by curved mirrors?

    <p>Curved mirrors might not produce any image in certain conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What visual effect does our brain create when viewing a virtual image?

    <p>It perceives the image as physically present.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of bioluminescence?

    <p>It is produced by living organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would no image be produced by a curved mirror?

    <p>When the object is at the focal point.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does triboluminescence primarily occur?

    <p>Through the physical destruction of bonds in crystalline materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates fluorescence from phosphorescence?

    <p>Fluorescence re-radiates energy immediately, whereas phosphorescence does so slowly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is light intensity a measure of?

    <p>The amount of light, or brightness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which scenario would one observe triboluminescence?

    <p>While breaking a quartz crystal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What principle explains the emission of light when an electron drops to a lower orbital?

    <p>Electron excitation and relaxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of light does a normal light bulb primarily produce?

    <p>Diffused light covering a wide range of wavelengths.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What equation relates the emitted energy of light to its frequency?

    <p>$E = hf$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Pythagoras believe light to be?

    <p>A particle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the range of visible light?

    <p>400-700 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are photons?

    <p>Particles with zero mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speed of light in a vacuum?

    <p>3 x 10^8 m/s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does heat radiate from an object?

    <p>Through radiation, convection, and conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following wavelengths corresponds to the color red in the visible spectrum?

    <p>600-700 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must heat emitted by an object reach for it to become visible to the human eye?

    <p>Above approximately 540oC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist is credited with discovering the visible spectrum colors ROYGBIV?

    <p>Newton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of laser light distinguishes it from conventional light sources?

    <p>It is coherent and travels in the same direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about LED lights is incorrect?

    <p>LEDs require filaments to operate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a 5W laser can easily set fire to things, what does this imply about its efficiency compared to traditional sources?

    <p>Laser light is more efficient in converting energy to light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the energy cost of a 13W LED bulb compare to that of a 65W incandescent bulb?

    <p>The LED bulb is 6.5 times cheaper to run.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common temperature associated with cherry-red color in terms of color temperatures?

    <p>900 °C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a description of how a laser beam behaves?

    <p>The beam is focused and narrow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component is crucial for the functioning of an LED?

    <p>Semiconductor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the rated life of LED bulbs from traditional incandescent bulbs?

    <p>LED bulbs are generally more durable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of capital cost, how does a 23W CFL bulb compare to a 13W LED bulb?

    <p>LED bulbs are more expensive than CFLs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary advantage of using LED lighting over incandescent bulbs?

    <p>Longer lifespan and lower energy costs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Light & Geometric Optics

    • Light can act as both a wave and a particle.
    • Light is a form of energy visible to the human eye and is a transverse wave.
    • The visible spectrum is only a small fraction of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • The electromagnetic spectrum ranges from 400-700 nm (violet to red, ROYGBIV), or equivalent frequencies between 4.3 x 10^14 to 7.5 x 10^14 Hz.
    • Electromagnetic (EM) radiation includes many things that we wouldn't call "light" like radio waves, microwaves, infrared radiation, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays, and gamma rays.
    • The speed of light in a vacuum is 299,792,458 m/s or approximately 3 x 10^8 m/s.
    • Photons are particles with zero mass.
    • Electromagnetic waves are fluctuations of electric and magnetic fields in space.
    • Everything that has "heat" or energy radiates electromagnetic energy.
    • Heat can also be transferred by convection and conduction but only radiation allows it to be sent across the vacuum of space.
    • Heat must be above approximately 540 degrees Celcius or higher for it to be visible to the human eye.
    • The energy of electromagnetic radiation increases as the frequency of the wave increases (note the wavelength gets smaller).
    • Astronomers use all types of light to view the universe: visible, radio, X-rays, etc.
    • Most "pictures" of space are composites of all types of light.

    Image Formation in Curved Mirrors

    • An image is the optical counterpart of an object.
    • There are two types of images:
      • Virtual Images: Images formed when light enters our eyes and "appears" to diverge from a point that the light never actually went through.
      • Real Images: Images formed when the light rays actually converge to a point to recreate a semblance of the object (2D or 3D).
    • Plane mirrors can only form virtual images.
    • Curved mirrors can form virtual, real, or no images.

    Lenses and Refraction

    • Refraction is the bending of light as it changes mediums.
    • Lenses are transparent devices with at least one curved surface that can change the direction of light passing through them.
    • Converging Lens: Causes light rays to come closer together and cross at a single point.
    • Diverging Lens: Causes parallel light rays to move apart so that they appear to emerge from a single point.
    • Focal Point: The position where parallel incident rays meet, or appear to come from, after passing through a lens.
    • Optical Centre (O): The geometric centre of the lens
    • Optical Axis (OA): A vertical line passing through the optical centre and perpendicular to the Principal Axis.
    • Principal Axis (PA): A horizontal line passing through the optical centre and perpendicular to the Optical Axis.
    • Principal Focus (F): The point on the PA where rays parallel to the PA refract (converge to). There are two F’s.

    Fibre Optics

    • Total Internal Reflection (TIR) is used within fiber optics to send information over long distances.
    • Fiber Optic Cables consist of a core and cladding.
      • Core: The central part of the cable, made of glass, that light travels through.
      • Cladding: Surrounds the core; used to confine the light to the core by reflecting the light back into the core through TIR.
    • Multimode Fiber: Can carry multiple light beams at different angles and speeds. This can be used for short-distance transmissions.
    • Single Mode Fiber: Transmits only one light beam using a much smaller diameter core than multimode fibers. This is better for longer distance transmissions.
    • Uses and Applications of Fiber Optics
      • Internet and telecommunications
      • Medical imaging
      • Industrial sensing
      • Illumination

    Retroreflectors

    • Retro-reflectors are optical devices capable of returning any incident light back in exactly the same direction from which it came.
    • They are often used on signs, clothing, bike reflectors, and even on the moon by the Apollo 11 astronauts!.
    • Retro-reflectors are formed from the corner of cubes (then rounded off), of three perpendicular faces.

    Other Topics

    • Invisibility Cloaks: Devices that theoretically could bend light around an object, making it invisible.
    • Copper Rings Invisible to Microwaves: Copper rings have been shown to be invisible to microwaves, but the exact reason is not fully understood.
    • Flattened Sun: The sun appears flattened when it is seen through the atmosphere at an angle.
    • Shimmering: Occurs due to temperature inversions (like a mirage), where layers of air at different temperatures cause light to bend and flicker.
    • Aberrations: Imperfections in lenses that cause distortions in the image.
      • Spherical Aberration: Occurs when light rays from an object do not converge at a single point, causing blurry images.
      • Chromatic Aberration: Occurs when different colors of light bend at different angles, leading to colored fringes around objects.

    Types of Light

    • Intensity: The measure of the amount of light produced.
    • Normal Light Bulb: Produces light that covers a wide range of wavelengths/frequencies (colours), with photons emitted in random directions and with random phase, resulting in very diffuse light.
    • Laser Light: Produces a very focused beam of light that covers a very narrow range of wavelengths/frequencies (monochromatic) and travels in the same direction, resulting in coherent light.
    • LED: Light-emitting diodes do not require filaments and produce little waste heat, making them efficient.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    SNC2D Light & Geometric Optics PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of light and geometric optics in this comprehensive quiz. Explore concepts like the nature of light, the electromagnetic spectrum, and the behavior of photons. Perfect for students studying physics and optics.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser