Lifestyle Factors in Medicine
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Questions and Answers

What is a primary focus of Lifestyle Medicine?

  • Increasing healthcare costs
  • Expanding pharmaceutical use
  • Promoting sedentary lifestyles
  • Preventing and treating chronic diseases (correct)

Which of the following is NOT a parameter for healthy living?

  • Healthy diet
  • High sugar consumption (correct)
  • Regular physical activity
  • Healthy lifestyle practices

Which benefit is associated with regular exercise?

  • Increases body fat percentage
  • Worsens posture
  • Increases fatigue
  • Reduces body fat (correct)

Which component is essential for a healthy diet?

<p>Essential nutrients (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can a healthy diet impact one's life stages?

<p>It can provide energy and support mood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of alcohol use disorder?

<p>A desire or physical need to consume alcohol despite negative impacts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum recommended daily allowance of calcium for strong bones?

<p>1,200 mg (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of alcoholism is characterized by individuals who maintain their responsibilities while drinking heavily?

<p>Functional Alcoholics (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which foods are advisable to limit during menopause to help reduce hot flashes?

<p>White flour products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a sign of alcohol abuse?

<p>Improving academic performance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What long-term effect can result from alcohol abuse?

<p>Cardiomyopathy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of fats are recommended to increase during menopause for hormone balance?

<p>Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of flaxseed consumption during menopause?

<p>To stabilize hormone levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances is classified as a stimulant drug?

<p>Cocaine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a highly recommended food for maintaining strong bones?

<p>Skim milk (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which option best describes drug abuse?

<p>Excessive and habitual use of substances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common short-term effect of alcohol abuse?

<p>Headaches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following compounds in soy products may help manage menopausal symptoms?

<p>Isoflavones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential outcome of mixing alcohol with drugs?

<p>Heightened effectiveness of each substance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does alcohol abuse typically affect interpersonal relationships?

<p>Causes conflicts with loved ones (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT recommended for individuals looking to manage their health during menopause?

<p>Increased alcohol consumption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of deaths in smokeless tobacco users are attributed to oral cancer?

<p>70 percent (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is NOT commonly associated with smokeless tobacco use?

<p>Skin cancer (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main nicotine concern related to dipping tobacco?

<p>It delivers as much nicotine as 3-4 cigarettes in 30 minutes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What common symptom indicates possible cancer in smokeless tobacco users?

<p>Leukoplakia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about snuff is accurate?

<p>It increases the risk of nasal and oral cancers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likelihood of developing oral lesions for chewing tobacco users?

<p>60 to 78 percent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does chewing tobacco compare in addictiveness to cigarettes?

<p>More addictive because it contains higher levels of nicotine. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of users has a higher risk of developing precancerous lesions?

<p>Those who mix snuff and chewing tobacco. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What best defines a healthy lifestyle?

<p>A lifestyle that includes balanced nutrition and regular exercise. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a type of lifestyle mentioned?

<p>Nomadic lifestyle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT considered a lifestyle risk factor?

<p>Regular physical exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the American College of Lifestyle Medicine, which is an example of a lifestyle intervention?

<p>Using diet and nutrition to address health issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which lifestyle is characterized by a focus on artistic and literary pursuits?

<p>Bohemian lifestyle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What encompasses the World Health Organization's definition of health?

<p>Complete physical, mental, and social well-being (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is considered a negative lifestyle factor?

<p>Frequent consumption of fast food (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following might be included in lifestyle medicine interventions?

<p>Non-drug modalities such as stress management (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the leading preventable cause of illness and premature deaths?

<p>Tobacco use (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following forms of tobacco consumption is considered smokeless?

<p>Chewing tobacco (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cigarette-related statistic predicts future mortality due to smoking?

<p>10 million deaths annually by 2030 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant health effect linked to the use of smokeless tobacco?

<p>Mouth, tongue, and throat cancer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What drives the growth of the global alcoholic beverages market?

<p>Increase in young adult demographic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

As of 2017, what was the valuation of the global alcoholic beverages market?

<p>$1,439 billion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of all deaths is currently caused by tobacco use?

<p>9% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a form of smokeless tobacco?

<p>Cigarette smoking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Lifestyle Medicine

An approach to preventing and managing chronic diseases by focusing on changing modifiable lifestyle factors (like diet, exercise, and smoking) instead of solely relying on medicine.

Healthy Diet

Eating a variety of foods that provide all the nutrients your body needs in the right proportions.

Daily Physical Activity

Regular physical activity that can range from moderate intensity to vigorous intensity.

Healthy Lifestyle Practices

Practices that contribute to overall well-being, such as managing stress, quitting unhealthy habits, and getting enough sleep.

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Benefits of Exercise

Exercise can help manage weight, reduce stress, improve sleep, and boost mood.

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What is WHO's definition of health?

A state of complete well-being, including physical, mental, and social aspects, not just the absence of illness.

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What is lifestyle?

The collective habits, attitudes, values, and behaviors that shape an individual's or group's way of life.

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What is a nomadic lifestyle?

Refers to a way of life characterized by travel, exploration, and often lacking permanent residence.

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What is a bohemian lifestyle?

A way of life characterized by unconventional living, often associated with artistic and creative pursuits.

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What is a healthy lifestyle?

A way of life that involves promoting good health and well-being through healthy habits and behaviors.

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What are lifestyle factors?

Factors that can be modified, such as diet, exercise, and stress management, that significantly impact health and well-being.

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What is lifestyle medicine?

The use of lifestyle interventions to prevent, manage, and treat disease. Examples include diet, exercise, stress management, and smoking cessation.

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What are lifestyle risk factors?

Factors that negatively affect health, such as unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption.

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Calcium Daily Intake

The amount of calcium recommended for daily intake varies from 400 to 1,200 milligrams depending on age and other factors.

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Magnesium Daily Intake

The suggested daily intake of magnesium ranges from 500 to 800 milligrams.

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Vitamin D Daily Intake

The recommended daily intake of vitamin D varies between 400 and 1,000 International Units (IU) depending on age and sun exposure.

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Boosting Calcium Intake

Consuming foods rich in calcium, such as dairy products, leafy greens, and fortified foods, can help maintain bone health and prevent osteoporosis.

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Foods to Limit During Menopause

Reducing or eliminating wine, sugar, white flour products, and coffee may help alleviate hot flashes.

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Good Fats for Menopause

Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, found in foods like fatty fish, nuts, and seeds, can help balance hormones and improve skin health.

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Flaxseed for Hot Flashes

Flaxseed, rich in lignans, can help stabilize hormone levels and manage hot flashes.

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Soy for Menopausal Symptoms

Soy products, containing phytoestrogens, may help manage menopausal symptoms by mimicking the effects of estrogen.

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Alcohol Use Disorder

A medical condition characterized by a strong desire or need to consume alcohol despite negative consequences.

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Functional Alcoholics

A group of people who can function in daily life while drinking heavily.

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Drug Abuse

The continued use of drugs despite negative consequences.

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Stimulant Abuse

A type of drug abuse involving the habitual use of stimulants like cocaine or prescription painkillers.

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Short-Term Effects of Alcohol Abuse

Short-term effects of alcohol abuse can range from mild discomfort to serious health risks.

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Long-Term Effects of Alcohol Abuse

Prolonged alcohol abuse can lead to serious health problems.

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Muscle and Bone Breakdown

The breakdown of muscle and bone due to excessive alcohol consumption.

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Pancreatitis

Alcohol can cause inflammation and damage the pancreas, leading to pancreatitis.

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Tobacco Consumption

The practice of using tobacco products, which can include forms like cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, and hookahs.

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Smokeless Tobacco

A type of tobacco that is not burned but chewed, sniffed, or placed in the cheek. Examples include chewing tobacco, snuff, and snus.

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Burned Tobacco

A type of tobacco that is burned and inhaled, including cigarettes, cigars, and pipes.

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Nicotine

A highly addictive substance found in tobacco products that affects the brain and body. It can lead to a range of health problems, including cancer, heart disease, and lung disease.

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Alcohol Abuse

A group of disorders characterized by alcohol abuse, dependence, and other related problems.

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Drug and Alcohol Combos

Combining alcohol with other drugs, such as cocaine, heroin, ecstasy, marijuana, painkillers, antidepressants, and sleeping pills.

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Tobacco and Cancer

The use of tobacco products, especially cigarettes, is the leading cause of cancer deaths in both men and women.

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Tobacco and Heart Disease

Tobacco use is a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease, leading to heart attacks, strokes, and other heart problems.

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What is snuff?

A type of smokeless tobacco made from ground tobacco leaves that is sniffed through the nose or placed between the cheek and gum.

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What is dipping tobacco?

A type of smokeless tobacco, often called moist snuff, that is placed between the lip and gum.

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What is leukoplakia?

A white, scaly patch or lesion inside the mouth or lips that is common among smokeless tobacco users.

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What is nicotine?

The main ingredient of concern in smokeless tobacco, a highly addictive substance.

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What are carcinogens?

Smokeless tobacco products contain numerous cancer-causing agents, with chewing tobacco containing 28.

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What types of cancer can be related to smokeless tobacco?

Using smokeless tobacco can increase the risk of several cancers, such as oral cancer, pancreatic cancer, esophageal cancer, and others.

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How much nicotine is in a dip of smokeless tobacco?

A 30-minute dip of smokeless tobacco can deliver the same amount of nicotine as 3-4 cigarettes.

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What is the risk of mixing different types of smokeless tobacco?

Those who mix snuff and chewing tobacco are more likely to develop precancerous lesions than those who use only one type.

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Study Notes

Lifestyle Factors in Medicine

  • Health Definition (WHO): A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
  • Lifestyle Definition: Habits, attitudes, tastes, standards (moral and economic), etc., that constitute an individual or group's way of life.
  • Healthy Lifestyle: Closely related to active lifestyles.
  • Types of Lifestyles: Nomadic, Bohemian, Corporate, Rural, Urban (City), Mountain, Beach

Lifestyle Factors Affecting Health

  • Unhealthy Diet: Foods affect health significantly.
  • Physical Inactivity: Lack of exercise is detrimental to heart and brain health.
  • Unhealthy Weight: Unhealthy weight negatively impacts health.
  • Smoking (Tobacco Misuse): A significant risk factor.
  • Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Associated with negative health effects.
  • Birth Control/Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): Can have various health consequences.
  • Recreational Drug Use: Has harmful effects on health.
  • Stress: A recognized negative lifestyle factor.

Lifestyle Medicine

  • Definition (American College of Lifestyle Medicine): Utilizes lifestyle changes to treat and manage diseases.
  • Key Interventions: Diet, exercise, stress management, smoking cessation, other non-drug modalities.
  • Preventive and Treatment Approach: Addresses chronic diseases caused by modifiable lifestyle behaviors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, smoking, and other negative lifestyle choices.

Healthy Living Parameters

  • Healthy Diet: Must include a variety of essential nutrients like carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber, water, and salt.
  • Daily Physical Activity: Crucial for healthy lifestyle.
  • Healthy Lifestyle Practices: Physical activity, stress management, weight reduction, alcohol avoidance, regular mealtimes, and balanced diet are necessary.
  • Exercise Benefits: Reduces body fat, controls blood sugar, improves posture and balance, manages stress, strengthens muscles, relieves back pressure, improves circulation, and enhances self-image.

What is a Healthy Diet?

  • Balanced Diet (with portion guidelines): Essential nutrients like carbs, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fiber, water, and salt are required. A variety of foods is important.
  • Foods to Limit or Avoid: Cut back on fatty foods and sugary foods. Reduce saturated fats.
  • Foods to Increase Consumption of: Ensure a variety of foods is in the diet to reach good health.

Factors Affecting Nutrient Requirements

  • Age: Age is a factor in determining appropriate nutrient requirements.
  • Sex: Sex can affect nutrient needs.
  • Activity Levels: Physical activity levels impact nutrient demands.
  • Physiological Status: Physical state dictates the need for nutrients.
  • Environmental Conditions: Environment can affect nutrient needs.

Healthy Diet for Prevention of Diseases

  • Heart Disease/High Cholesterol/High Blood Pressure: Lifestyle choices and dietary habits are crucial in prevention.
  • Obesity
  • Hypothyroidism/Hyperthyroidism
  • Diabetes
  • Anemia
  • Acne/Wrinkles
  • Skin Diseases
  • Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis
  • Liver Diseases
  • Cancer

Healthy Eating Habits

  • Variety of whole grains: Important for healthy diet.
  • Protein intake: Healthy amounts are needed.
  • Choosing healthy fats: Healthy fats are critical to include in balanced eating habits.
  • Iron and calcium: Need to be included in a balanced diet.
  • Refined sugar: Should be reduced or removed altogether.
  • **Alcohol and caffeine:**Should be consumed in moderation.
  • Meal portion sizes: Smaller portions are recommended.
  • Regular breakfasts: Crucial to the overall healthy lifestyle to avoid unhealthy food choices later in the day.

Healthy Eating Habits (Continued)

  • Eating out: Choose low-fat, low-sugar, low-sodium fiber-rich foods when eating out.
  • Making changes gradually: Change eating habits slowly over time for consistency.
  • Exercise: Regular exercise can also motivate a person to be more mindful of healthy food choices.

Drug Abuse and Alcoholism

  • Introduction: Mixing alcohol and drugs can cause serious complications. Drug and alcohol abuse are treatable, and professional help is vital. It can also cause interactions with other substances.
  • Definition (Alcoholism): Now known as alcohol use disorder, characterized by a compelling desire or physical need for alcohol despite its negative impact on life.
  • Types of Alcoholism: Young adult, young antisocial, functional alcoholics, intermediate, and chronic severe alcoholism.
  • Drug Abuse: Excessive and habitual use of substances, a medical problem that develops over time through repeated use.
  • Various substances involved: Stimulant Abuse, Cocaine Abuse, Prescription Painkillers, Heroin Abuse.

Effects of Alcohol Abuse

  • Short-Term Effects: include vomiting, headaches, slurred speech, impaired judgment, anxiety, insomnia, trouble concentrating, memory loss, breathing problems—coma, or death.
  • Long-Term Effects: include damage to internal organs, muscle/bone breakdown, impaired memory, difficulty at work or school, malnutrition, cardiomyopathy, brain damage, weakened immune system, liver disease, pancreatitis, or ulcers.

Causes of Drug and Alcohol Abuse

  • Financial struggles.
  • Marital disputes.
  • History of abuse.
  • Loss of a loved one.

Treating Drug and Alcohol Abuse

  • Starting with a primary care doctor: Evaluate substance use patterns and discuss treatment plans, including medical supervision.
  • Behavioral Treatments: Seeking professional help for drug and alcohol recovery.
  • Process: Assess risk levels, develop treatment plans, evaluate general health, and consider medications for substance use disorders.

Other Important Points

  • Types of Tobacco Use: Include burned tobacco (like cigarettes), smokeless tobacco (like chewing tobacco and snuff), and water pipes (hookah).
  • Harmful Effects of Tobacco: Include cancer, gum disease, heart diseases, etc.

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Description

This quiz explores the critical impact of lifestyle choices on health. It delves into definitions of health, types of lifestyles, and specific factors such as diet, physical activity, and substance use that influence well-being. Test your knowledge on how various lifestyle choices can lead to healthier living.

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