12 Questions
What is the primary stage of the life cycle of a moss?
Gametophyte
What is the function of multicellular and branched rhizoids in mosses?
To attach to the soil
In which stage of the moss life cycle do sex organs develop?
Leafy stage
What is the result of fertilization in mosses?
Development of sporophyte
What is the characteristic of the sporophyte in mosses compared to liverworts?
It is more elaborate
How do mosses reproduce vegetatively?
By fragmentation and budding in the secondary protonema
What is the outcome of meiosis in mosses?
Formation of spores
What is the characteristic of the protonema stage in mosses?
Creeping, green, branched and frequently filamentous
What is the role of the secondary protonema in mosses?
Giving rise to vegetative reproduction through fragmentation and budding
What is the function of the seta in the sporophyte of mosses?
Unknown, as it is not mentioned in the text
Which of the following is an example of a moss that exhibits an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal?
All of the above
In which part of the moss plant do the sex organs develop?
Leafy shoots
Study Notes
Life Cycle of Mosses
- The gametophyte stage is the predominant stage of the life cycle of a moss, consisting of two stages: protonema and leafy stages.
- The protonema stage develops directly from a spore, characterized as a creeping, green, branched, and frequently filamentous stage.
- The leafy stage develops from the secondary protonema as a lateral bud, featuring upright, slender axes bearing spirally arranged leaves.
Vegetative Reproduction
- Mosses reproduce vegetatively through fragmentation and budding in the secondary protonema.
Sexual Reproduction
- Sex organs, antheridia and archegonia, are produced at the apex of the leafy shoots.
- After fertilization, the zygote develops into a sporophyte, consisting of a foot, seta, and capsule.
- The sporophyte is more elaborate in mosses compared to liverworts.
Sporophyte and Spore Dispersal
- The capsule contains spores, which are formed after meiosis.
- Mosses have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal.
Examples of Mosses
- Funaria, Polytrichum, and Sphagnum are common examples of mosses.
Explore the different stages of the moss life cycle, including the protonema and leafy stages. Learn about the characteristics of each stage and how they develop. Test your knowledge of these tiny, non-vascular plants!
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