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Questions and Answers
What is the primary stage of the life cycle of a moss?
What is the primary stage of the life cycle of a moss?
- Protonema
- Sporophyte
- Gametophyte (correct)
- Zygote
What is the function of multicellular and branched rhizoids in mosses?
What is the function of multicellular and branched rhizoids in mosses?
- To produce spores
- To undergo fragmentation
- To attach to the soil (correct)
- To bear sex organs
In which stage of the moss life cycle do sex organs develop?
In which stage of the moss life cycle do sex organs develop?
- Gametophyte stage
- Sporophyte stage
- Leafy stage (correct)
- Protonema stage
What is the result of fertilization in mosses?
What is the result of fertilization in mosses?
What is the characteristic of the sporophyte in mosses compared to liverworts?
What is the characteristic of the sporophyte in mosses compared to liverworts?
How do mosses reproduce vegetatively?
How do mosses reproduce vegetatively?
What is the outcome of meiosis in mosses?
What is the outcome of meiosis in mosses?
What is the characteristic of the protonema stage in mosses?
What is the characteristic of the protonema stage in mosses?
What is the role of the secondary protonema in mosses?
What is the role of the secondary protonema in mosses?
What is the function of the seta in the sporophyte of mosses?
What is the function of the seta in the sporophyte of mosses?
Which of the following is an example of a moss that exhibits an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal?
Which of the following is an example of a moss that exhibits an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal?
In which part of the moss plant do the sex organs develop?
In which part of the moss plant do the sex organs develop?
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Study Notes
Life Cycle of Mosses
- The gametophyte stage is the predominant stage of the life cycle of a moss, consisting of two stages: protonema and leafy stages.
- The protonema stage develops directly from a spore, characterized as a creeping, green, branched, and frequently filamentous stage.
- The leafy stage develops from the secondary protonema as a lateral bud, featuring upright, slender axes bearing spirally arranged leaves.
Vegetative Reproduction
- Mosses reproduce vegetatively through fragmentation and budding in the secondary protonema.
Sexual Reproduction
- Sex organs, antheridia and archegonia, are produced at the apex of the leafy shoots.
- After fertilization, the zygote develops into a sporophyte, consisting of a foot, seta, and capsule.
- The sporophyte is more elaborate in mosses compared to liverworts.
Sporophyte and Spore Dispersal
- The capsule contains spores, which are formed after meiosis.
- Mosses have an elaborate mechanism of spore dispersal.
Examples of Mosses
- Funaria, Polytrichum, and Sphagnum are common examples of mosses.
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