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What is the life cycle of Bryophytes described as?
What is the structure produced by the germination of a haploid spore?
What is the function of antheridia in the life cycle of mosses?
What is the result of the fertilization of an egg by a sperm in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the structure that produces haploid spores in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of the seta in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of archegonium in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the type of sperm produced by antheridium in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of the calyptra in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the result of meiosis in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of rhizoids in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of the foot in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the function of the seta in the life cycle of mosses?
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What is the result of fertilization of an egg by a sperm in the life cycle of mosses?
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Study Notes
Life Cycle of Moss Plant
- The life cycle of Bryophytes involves alternation of generation between asexual spore-producing and sexual gamete-producing generations.
Stage 1: Spore Germination
- A haploid spore germinates to produce a protonema (a branching filamentous or thalloid structure).
- The protonema grows into a green gametophyte.
Stage 2: Gametophyte Development
- The gametophyte is structurally differentiated into rhizoids, stems, and leaves.
- The tips of the gametophyte stems or branches develop sex organs:
- Female organs: archegonia (singular: archegonium)
- Male organs: antheridia (singular: antheridium)
- Archegonia produce eggs called oosphere.
- Antheridia produce biflagellate sperms called antherozoids.
Stage 3: Fertilization
- In the presence of water, antherozoids from antheridia swim to fertilize the egg in the archegonium.
- Fertilization forms a zygote.
Stage 4: Sporophyte Development
- The zygote develops into a sporophyte.
- The sporophyte body consists of:
- A capsule with a cap called the calyptra
- A long stalk called a seta
- A foot embedded in the gametophyte tissue
- Mature capsule undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores.
Stage 5: Spore Dispersal
- The capsule bursts to release the spores.
- Spores germinate to produce a branching protonema, starting the cycle again.
Life Cycle of Moss Plant
- The life cycle of Bryophytes is characterized as an alternation of generation between asexual spore-producing and sexual gamete-producing generations.
Germination of Spore
- A haploid spore germinates to produce a branching filamentous or thalloid structure called protonema.
- The protonema grows into a green gametophyte, which is structurally differentiated into:
- Rhizoids
- Stems
- Leaves
Development of Sex Organs
- The tips of the gametophyte stems or branches develop sex organs, including:
- Female organs: archegonia (singular: archegonium)
- Male organs: antheridia (singular: antheridium)
Reproduction
- Archegonium produces eggs called oosphere.
- Antheridium produces biflagellate sperms called antherozoids.
- In the presence of water, sperm from the antheridia swim to fertilize the egg in the archegonium, forming a zygote.
Development of Sporophyte
- The zygote develops into a sporophyte, comprising:
- A capsule with a cap called the calyptra
- A long stalk called a seta
- A foot embedded in the gametophyte tissue
- Mature capsule undergoes meiosis to produce haploid spores.
Dispersal of Spores
- The capsule bursts to release the spores, which germinate to produce a branching protonema, starting the life cycle anew.
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Description
Quiz about the life cycle of Bryophytes, including the alternation of generation and the development of protonema and gametophyte.
