30 Questions
What is the primary method of transmission of Plasmodium sp.?
By the bite of an infected female Anopheles mosquito
What is the disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii?
Toxoplasmosis
What is the characteristic of the ulcer caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
Flask shape
What is a common complication of Entamoeba histolytica infection?
All of the above
What is the primary mode of transmission of Toxoplasma gondii?
All of the above
What is the reproductive stage of Plasmodium sp.?
Sexual reproduction in anopheles mosquito
What is the characteristic of the liver abscess caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
Severe pathology in the liver
Which of the following protozoan parasites moves by the action of flagella?
Giardia
What is the primary reservoir of Entamoeba histolytica?
Humans
What is the mode of locomotion of Entamoeba histolytica?
Pseudopodia
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Sporozoa?
Motile
Which vector is responsible for transmitting malaria?
Mosquitoes
What is the mode of transmission of Trypanosomiasis?
Through the bite of an infected tsetse fly or kissing bug
What is the disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica?
Amoebiasis
What is the characteristic feature of helminths?
They are multicellular eukaryotic animals with various systems
Which of the following is a characteristic of protozoan parasites?
Motile
What is the common symptom of Trypanosomiasis in immunocompromised individuals?
Severe infection
What is the intermediate host of Echinococcus?
Human
What is the habitat of Taenia saginata?
Small intestine
What is the morphology of the adult Taenia saginata?
Divided into three parts
How do cows get infected with Taenia saginata?
Through ingestion of infected human feces
Which of the following characteristics is NOT true about protozoa?
They are multicellular organisms
What is the term for a permanent association between two organisms?
Symbiosis
Which type of host is essential to parasite survival and a focus for spread to other hosts?
Reservoir host
Which of the following is a characteristic of the life cycle of protozoa?
A trophozoite and cyst stage
Which of the following helminths is classified as a Cestode?
Cestode
What is the primary method of transmission for malaria?
Vector-borne transmission
Which of the following is a symptom of trypanosomiasis?
All of the above
Which of the following protozoa is associated with toxoplasmosis?
Toxoplasma
Which type of host is responsible for the sexual cycle of a parasite?
Definitive host
Study Notes
Entamoeba Histolytica
- Causes amoebiasis
- Mode of locomotion: pseudopodia
- Geographical distribution: cosmopolitan, more common in tropical and subtropical countries with poor sanitation
- Habitat: lumen of large intestine, can invade wall of intestine
- Reservoir: humans, dogs, pigs, monkeys
- Morphology: two forms - cyst and trophozoite
- Infective stage: cyst in polluted water and infected food
- Pathogenic stage: trophozoite in large intestine, causes ulcer and liver damage
- Clinical symptoms: asymptomatic in normal hosts, severe in immunocompromised individuals, congenital infections can cause blindness in newborns
Toxoplasma Gondii
- Causes toxoplasmosis
- Transmission: eating undercooked meat, contaminated food and water, congenital transmission, person-to-person
- Geographical distribution: worldwide
- Clinical symptoms: fever, severe abdominal pain, liver damage
- Complications: liver abscess, lung, skin, and brain damage
Plasmodium Sp. (Malaria)
- Transmission: female Anopheles mosquito
- Life cycle: sexual reproduction in mosquito, asexual reproduction in human
- Clinical symptoms: dysentery, blood and mucous diarrhea, severe abdominal pain
- Complications: peritonitis, appendicitis, hemorrhage, liver damage
Protozoa
- Unicellular, eukaryotic organisms
- Inhabit water and soil
- Life cycle: trophozoite and cyst
- Reproduction: asexual by fission, budding, or schizogony
- Some are part of normal microbiota, others cause human disease
Classification of Parasites
- Protozoa: single-celled eukaryotes, blood and tissue, intestinal, urogenital tract
- Helminthes: multicellular eukaryotes, platyhelminthes (flatworms), nematoda (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms)
Helminthes
- Multicellular eukaryotic animals
- Possess digestive, circulatory, nervous, excretory, and reproductive systems
- Types: platyhelminthes (flatworms), nematoda (roundworms), cestodes (tapeworms)
- Examples: Taenia saginata (beef tapeworm), Taenia solium (pork tapeworm), Diphyllobothrium (broad fish tapeworm), Echinococcus (dog tapeworm)
Taenia Saginata (Beef Tapeworm)
- Habitat: small intestine, ileum
- Transmission: ingestion of raw or poorly cooked meat of infected cows
- Morphology: adult divided into three parts - head, neck, segments
- Clinical symptoms: asymptomatic, rare cases of intestinal obstruction
This quiz covers the life cycle of Entamoeba Histolytica, a parasitic protozoan that causes amoebiasis, and its clinical picture.
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