Leishmaniasis Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the three general leishmaniasis syndromes?

  • Visceral, subcutaneous, and ocular
  • Cutaneous, ocular, and neurologic
  • Cutaneous, subcutaneous, and mucosal
  • Visceral, cutaneous, and mucosal (correct)
  • Which of the following is true about leishmaniasis?

  • It is a bacterial infection
  • It is associated with high-income countries
  • It is transmitted by mosquitoes
  • It is endemic to nearly 100 countries (correct)
  • What is the second deadliest parasitic disease after malaria?

  • Visceral leishmaniasis (correct)
  • None of the above
  • Cutaneous leishmaniasis
  • Mucosal leishmaniasis
  • What is the classic clinical presentation of visceral leishmaniasis?

    <p>Fever, wasting, pancytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and hypergammaglobulinemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is leishmaniasis transmitted?

    <p>Through sandfly bites</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of new cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis reported in 2015?

    <p>4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical clinical presentation of cutaneous leishmaniasis?

    <p>Localized, non-healing, painless, often ulcerative skin lesion(s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definitive diagnosis of leishmaniasis?

    <p>Demonstration of the amastigote using histopathology, special culturing, or molecular methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of visceral leishmaniasis?

    <p>Leishmania donovani complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated number of new cases of visceral leishmaniasis reported in 2015?

    <p>61,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a complication of New World cutaneous leishmaniasis?

    <p>Mucosal leishmaniasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which therapy(s) has replaced the traditional pentavalent antimony therapy for Leishmaniasis in much of the world?

    <p>Miltefosine and Liposomal amphotericin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the immune response to Leishmaniasis primarily mediated by?

    <p>T cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is parasitologic diagnosis in the context of Leishmaniasis?

    <p>Diagnosis based on demonstration of amastigotes in tissues or clinical specimens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of parasitologic response end points?

    <p>To assess response to treatment in research studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the life cycle of Leishmania?

    <p>Promastigotes from an infected female sandfly are introduced into the skin of a vertebrate host during a blood meal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical behavior of phlebotomine sandflies?

    <p>They are generally weak fliers, inactive in daylight, and seek shelter in dark places</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the persistence of viable parasites in healed scars of cutaneous leishmaniasis?

    <p>Immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic approach is the most sensitive for Leishmaniasis?

    <p>Molecular-based assays</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long after acquiring Leishmania are sandflies capable of disease transmission?

    <p>7-10 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for reactivation of visceral leishmaniasis after immunosuppression?

    <p>Old foci of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may a treatment regimen that is efficacious in one area not be efficacious in another?

    <p>Genetic background of human hosts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sensitivity of PCR in diagnosing Leishmaniasis?

    <p>93%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long do Leishmania-infected sandflies remain infective?

    <p>A few weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many Leishmania parasites are required to cause infection?

    <p>5-10</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the efficacy of miltefosine treatment for L. (V.) braziliensis CL in Guatemala?

    <p>45%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a splenic aspiration in Leishmaniasis treatment?

    <p>To assess parasitologic response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is required for sustained clinical cure in patients with AIDS-Leishmania co-infections?

    <p>Intact cellular immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of cell-mediated immunity in Leishmaniasis?

    <p>It causes tissue destruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

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    Description

    Test your knowledge about Leishmaniasis, a complex of protozoan parasitic diseases transmitted by sandflies. Learn about the different types of Leishmaniasis found in nearly 100 countries on five continents, and their association with poverty and conflict. Take this quiz to enhance your understanding of this neglected tropical disease and its impact.

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