Lecture 4: Natural History of Disease and Infection Cycle
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Questions and Answers

What are the three components of the epidemiologic triad?

  • Demographic, biological, and socioeconomic characteristics
  • Host, agent, and environment (correct)
  • Biological, physical, and chemical agents
  • Pathogen, disease, and environment

    • Which of the following is NOT a part of the environment in the infectious disease model?

  • Physical environment
  • Social environment
  • Biological environment
  • Nutrient agents (correct)

    • What is the definition of a communicable disease?

  • An illness caused by environmental factors
  • An illness due to a specific infectious agent or its toxins transmitted from an infected source to a susceptible host (correct)
  • An illness caused by genetic factors
  • An illness transmitted only from an infected person to a susceptible host

    • Which of the following is NOT considered a biological agent?

    <p>Chemicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the term 'infectious diseases result from the interchangeable interaction of a pathogen, host and environment'?

    <p>Infectious diseases result from the complex interaction of pathogen, host, and environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these characteristics are included in the epidemiologic triad?

    <p>Demographic, biological, and physical characteristics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time interval between invasion by an infectious agent and the appearance of the first sign or symptom of the disease?

    <p>Incubation Period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when an infectious agent lies dormant within the host without clinical manifestations?

    <p>Latent Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the degree of pathogenicity, defined as the disease evoking power of a micro-organism in a given host?

    <p>Virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the entry, development and/or multiplication of the infectious agent in the body of man or animal called?

    <p>Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when a person or animal harbors a specific infectious agent in the absence of visible clinical disease and serves as a potential source of infection to others?

    <p>Carrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the time during which an infectious agent may be transmitted directly or indirectly from an infected person to a susceptible person or animal called?

    <p>Period of Communicability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as the progress of a disease in an individual over time in absence of intervention?

    <p>Natural History of Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What means lodgment, development, and reproduction of a parasite on the body surface or inside body tissues?

    <p>Infestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is defined as the time from exposure to an infectious agent to development of disease?

    <p>Incubation Period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean when non-pathogenic agents cause disease when host immunity decreased?

    <p>Opportunistic Infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

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