Learning Theory and Clinical Applications

Which technique involves directly exposing an individual to anxiety-producing stimuli for desensitization?

What is the primary purpose of reinforcement in behaviorism?

Which process involves a decrease in response to a stimulus due to repeated exposure?

What defines non-reciprocal habituation?

Chaining in behavior teaching involves which of the following?

Which cue type can help learners remember concepts or trigger strategies?

Which technique involves imagining and reliving aversive scenes with a therapist's guidance?

What does prompting involve in educational contexts?

What does observational learning primarily suggest about the process of learning?

Which of the following is NOT a component necessary for optimal observational learning?

What concept refers to learning that is not immediately observable but becomes apparent over time?

How does cognitive learning theory expand upon traditional views of behavior change?

Which of the following statements best describes insight learning?

What does Bandura's theory imply about the role of environmental modeling in learning?

Which philosopher argued against the idea of learning as a passive experience?

What is the primary criticism of associating learning only with direct experience?

Which of the following best describes classical conditioning?

What is a clinical application of classical conditioning in relation to drug addiction?

Which statement is true regarding operant conditioning?

Why might a specific taste evoke an immunological response through classical conditioning?

What is a key characteristic of observational learning?

What role does the unconscious play in classical conditioning?

What type of behavior does operant conditioning specifically focus on modifying?

How can classical conditioning be beneficial in overcoming phobias?

What describes continuous reinforcement?

Which type of reinforcement schedule is likely more sustainable over time?

What is a key characteristic of fixed ratio reinforcement?

What distinguishes variable ratio reinforcement from fixed ratio reinforcement?

What is the disadvantage of using continuous reinforcement?

Which statement about partial reinforcement is true?

Which subtype of partial reinforcement would use reinforcement after a behavior has occurred a specific number of times?

What is one potential limitation of partial reinforcement compared to continuous reinforcement?

What characterizes a variable ratio reinforcement schedule?

Which of the following best describes punishment in psychology?

What is a fixed interval reinforcement schedule exemplified by?

What outcome can punishment potentially lead to?

What is a characteristic of a variable interval reinforcement schedule?

Why is immediate administration of punishment crucial?

How does reinforcement differ from punishment?

What is one important factor for the effectiveness of punishment?

Which of the following is the principle behind classical conditioning as proposed by Pavlov?

What type of reinforcement is exemplified by giving a dog a treat for sitting on command?

In Skinner's operant conditioning, what is the primary role of a reinforcer?

What is the result of extinction in classical conditioning?

Which term describes the phenomenon where a previously extinguished response reappears after a period of time?

What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment in operant conditioning?

In the context of behavior analysis, what does 'discrimination' refer to?

What is meant by 'generalization' in classical conditioning?