Learning Module 8: Info Systems and Ethics

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Questions and Answers

What is the first step organizations should take after achieving initial success in implementing a new system?

Increase the pace and tackle bigger changes (correct)

Evaluate the pilot program results

Train all employees on the new system

Consolidate gains and celebrate success

How can organizations make changes stick within their culture?

By ignoring employee feedback

By frequently revisiting old methods

By incorporating changes into onboarding processes (correct)

By reducing training for new employees

According to Rick Maurer, what is one of the most overlooked causes of resistance to change?

Insufficient leadership support

Inadequate training resources

Lack of confidence in change-makers (correct)

Communication failures

What is the main goal after running a successful pilot program using a new system?

To expand its use to other teams Signup and view all the answers

What should organizations do to maintain momentum after initial changes?

Introduce new projects and themes Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is crucial for managing resistance to new information systems?

Understanding the root causes of resistance Signup and view all the answers

What should be emphasized to enhance the likelihood of change acceptance within an organization?

The connection between new behaviors and organizational success Signup and view all the answers

What role does employee training play in the change process?

It helps integrate new processes effectively Signup and view all the answers

What is one major purpose of professional codes of conduct?

They establish standards for entering and practicing in a profession. Signup and view all the answers

How do professional codes of conduct contribute to public trust?

By ensuring professionals act in ways that benefit society. Signup and view all the answers

What consequence might a professional face for violating their code of conduct?

Termination from their professional association. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle is essential for companies to build trust in the digital age?

Transparency and accountability. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for businesses to address ethical and social issues in information systems?

To ensure a safe and fair digital environment for users. Signup and view all the answers

What are Maurer’s 3 Levels of Resistance to Change?

I don’t get it, I don’t like it, I don’t like you Signup and view all the answers

What strong emotional reactions do people commonly experience during change?

Denial, anger, and sadness Signup and view all the answers

How can organizations effectively counteract resistance from a lack of training?

By providing comprehensive training Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential emotional reaction employees might have to change?

Anxiety regarding the new processes Signup and view all the answers

Which tool can help manage emotional responses to change?

Kübler-Ross Change Curve Signup and view all the answers

What might prevent employees from accepting change?

Strong emotional reactions to change Signup and view all the answers

During a change process, what approach can help facilitate a better understanding of employee concerns?

Listening sessions for expressing concerns Signup and view all the answers

What can potentially trigger resistance aside from the change itself?

The person making the change Signup and view all the answers

What is a key strategy to foster a learning culture in an organization?

Establish a recognition program for innovative ideas Signup and view all the answers

How can leaders effectively model change within an organization?

By using new tools and demonstrating their benefits Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a recommended tip to overcome resistance to change?

Isolate teams to avoid distractions Signup and view all the answers

What role do information systems play in change initiatives?

They help automate repetitive tasks Signup and view all the answers

Why is gathering employee feedback important before implementing changes?

To understand their feelings and make informed adjustments Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main benefits of providing support during a transition?

It helps employees to adjust comfortably to new systems Signup and view all the answers

What should be included in a communication strategy during change?

Share information about changes as early and honestly as possible Signup and view all the answers

How can measuring performance after implementing changes be beneficial?

It provides insights for future adjustments if needed Signup and view all the answers

What is a key benefit of providing detailed training sessions during a software transition?

To help employees feel confident using the new system Signup and view all the answers

How can self-help resources assist employees during a software transition?

By providing detailed troubleshooting guides and tutorials Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to allocate sufficient resources during a transition to new software?

To address employee frustrations and resistance effectively Signup and view all the answers

What does the 'Knowledge' element of the ADKAR model focus on during change management?

Equipping employees with necessary skills for the transition Signup and view all the answers

What is a method to alleviate the fear of failure among employees during a transition?

Encouraging hands-on practice with the new system Signup and view all the answers

How can organizing practice sessions before a system transition benefit employees?

It allows them to experiment without pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the common fears that employees face regarding organizational change?

Fear of inability to adapt successfully to change Signup and view all the answers

What role does effective training play in an organization’s transition to new software?

It equips staff with skills necessary for navigating changes Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle emphasizes empathy by encouraging one to consider how their actions affect others?

The Golden Rule Signup and view all the answers

What does Kant’s Categorical Imperative suggest about moral actions?

If an action is not right for everyone, it is not right for anyone. Signup and view all the answers

Which principle warns against the dangers of small unethical actions leading to greater issues?

Descartes’ Rule of Change Signup and view all the answers

What is the main concern of ethical principles in decision-making?

Balancing efficiency with ethical standards Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios aligns with the application of Descartes’ Rule of Change?

A manager who inflates monthly sales reports occasionally Signup and view all the answers

Which ethical principle would suggest that one should reflect on the potential impact of their actions if everyone acted in the same way?

Kant’s Categorical Imperative Signup and view all the answers

Why is it essential to apply ethical principles in decision-making within organizations?

To ensure decisions respect individual values and societal well-being Signup and view all the answers

How does the Golden Rule apply to data privacy issues?

It encourages individuals to respect others' privacy as they would want theirs respected. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Learning Module 8: Information Systems, Organizational Change, and Ethical Responsibility

This module examines how information systems support organizational change and growth, while also addressing ethical considerations.
Information systems are crucial for improving processes, decision-making, and efficiency.
Ethical concerns, like user privacy, employee monitoring, and the social impact of technology, must be considered alongside technological advancements.
IS professionals must balance technological progress with ethical practices to benefit both the organization and stakeholders.

Intended Learning Outcomes

Analyze how information systems drive organizational change and improve efficiency.
Evaluate ethical issues related to data privacy and IS professional responsibilities.
Develop solutions for ethical challenges in IS implementation.

Systems as Planned Organizational Change

Change management in IS involves structured transitions from current to desired future states for individuals, teams, and organizations.
Effective change management is crucial for successful IS implementations and long-term sustainability.
Change management is significant because implementing new information systems often alters processes, roles, and workflows.
Resistance, confusion, and project failure are possible without proper change management.

Change Management Frameworks

Lewin's Change Model:
- Unfreeze: Preparing for change by creating a sense of urgency and gaining stakeholder support.
- Change: Implementing the required changes, encouraging feedback, and making adjustments.
- Refreeze: Integrating the changes into the organization's culture by reinforcing new practices and behaviors.
Kotter's Eight Steps Change Model:
- Create a sense of urgency.
- Build a guiding coalition.
- Form a strategic vision and initiate.
- Enlist a volunteer army.
- Enable action by removing barriers.
- Celebrate quick wins.
- Increase the pace.
- Institute change.

Managing Resistance to Change

Resistance to change arises from various factors, including:
- Mistrust and lack of confidence (people trust the change-maker/leader).
- Emotional responses (anxiety, upset).
- Lack of training and help resources (being unprepared for the change/not having the tools).
- Fear of failure (not adapting successfully).

Privacy concerns regarding data collection and usage.
Data security and the potential for breaches or unauthorized access.
Intellectual property rights.
Data quality issues (accuracy and reliability)
Social inequality due to access disparities.
Impact on employment through automation and artificial intelligence.
Environmental concerns linked to technology production and disposal.
Organizational considerations (addressing ethical concerns).
Strategies for handling ethical issues in information systems (assessing the impact).
Developing appropriate policies and procedures to address ethical issues.
Communicating these policies and procedures to stakeholders.
Monitoring compliance with these policies.
Regularly reviewing and updating policies.

Ethical Analysis Framework

Identify the Facts.
Identify the Values in Conflict (what's the dilemma).
Identify Stakeholders.
Identify the Possible Options to address the dilemma.
Identify the Potential Consequences of each option.

Additional Considerations

Ethical principles govern decisions made when employing IS, encompassing responsibility (accountability), and liability for potential consequences.
Professional codes of conduct provide guidelines for ethical behavior, often created by professional organizations.

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Description

This module explores the relationship between information systems and organizational change, emphasizing the importance of ethical considerations. It addresses how IS professionals can optimize processes while navigating challenges related to data privacy and social impact. Gain insight into balancing technological advancements with ethical practices.