Questions and Answers
What is Augmentation?
What does the Blocking Effect refer to?
What is the Comparator Hypothesis?
The idea that conditioned responding depends on a comparison between the associative strength of the conditioned stimulus and the associative strength of other cues present during training of the target CS.
What is a Conditioned Compensatory-Response?
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What does the CS-preexposure Effect signify?
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What is Drug Tolerance?
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What is Higher-order Conditioning?
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What is Homeostasis?
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What does the Relative-Waiting-Time Hypothesis entail?
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What is Stimulus-Response (S-R) Learning?
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What is Stimulus-Stimulus (S-S) Learning?
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What is Sensory Preconditioning?
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What is Stimulus Salience?
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What does Stimulus Substitution refer to?
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What is Us-preexposure Effect?
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What is Us Devaluation?
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Study Notes
Classical Conditioning Mechanisms
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Augmentation: Enhances conditioning of a new stimulus due to a previously conditioned stimulus; also known as contra-blocking effect.
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Blocking Effect: Hinders the conditioning of a new stimulus because a previously conditioned stimulus is present, preventing new associations from forming.
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Comparator Hypothesis: Suggests that conditioned responses rely on a comparison between the associative strengths of the conditioned stimulus (CS) and other cues present during training.
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Conditioned Compensatory-Response: A learned response that counteracts the effect of the unconditioned stimulus (US), serving to maintain balance.
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CS-preexposure Effect: Interference in conditioning caused by prior exposure to the CS, known as latent-inhibition effect, making later conditioning less effective.
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Drug Tolerance: Diminished effectiveness of a drug after repeated use, affecting the body's response to the substance over time.
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Higher-order Conditioning: A process where a previously conditioned stimulus (CS1) is used to condition a new stimulus (CS2), expanding associative networks.
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Homeostasis: Physiological concept that maintains critical bodily functions within acceptable ranges through negative feedback and feedforward mechanisms.
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Relative-Waiting-Time Hypothesis: Proposes that the conditioned response is influenced by the difference in waiting times for the US in the presence or absence of the CS.
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Stimulus-Response (S-R) Learning: Involves learning the association between a stimulus and a specific response, leading to elicitation of the response by the stimulus.
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Stimulus-Stimulus (S-S) Learning: Involves learning the association between two stimuli, so that exposure to one activates a mental representation of the other.
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Sensory Preconditioning: Involves pairing two biologically weak stimuli (CS1 and CS2), allowing CS2 to evoke a conditioned response after CS1 is conditioned with a US, despite CS2 not being directly paired with the US.
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Stimulus Salience: Refers to how noticeable or significant a stimulus is; more salient stimuli generally lead to more rapid conditioning.
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Stimulus Substitution: Theoretical perspective that suggests participants respond to the CS similarly to how they respond to the US due to conditioning.
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US-preexposure Effect: Interference arising from prior exposure to the unconditioned stimulus before conditioning trials, which can hinder later conditioning phases.
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US Devaluation: The process of reducing the attractiveness of an unconditioned stimulus through methods like aversion conditioning or habituation.
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Description
Test your knowledge on key concepts from Chapter 4 of Learning, focusing on classical conditioning mechanisms. This quiz includes definitions of terms such as augmentation, blocking effect, and more. Boost your understanding of how these principles influence behavior.