Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which form of communication involves touching the patient?
Which form of communication involves touching the patient?
What is an example of non-verbal communication in a clinical setting?
What is an example of non-verbal communication in a clinical setting?
Which factor influences communication by taking into account the patients' beliefs and values?
Which factor influences communication by taking into account the patients' beliefs and values?
In a clinical setting, moaning, crying, and gasping are examples of which form of communication?
In a clinical setting, moaning, crying, and gasping are examples of which form of communication?
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When considering the musculoskeletal system, what risk factor should be taken into account?
When considering the musculoskeletal system, what risk factor should be taken into account?
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What is an example of non-verbal communication based on personal space boundaries?
What is an example of non-verbal communication based on personal space boundaries?
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What is the preferred term over 'compliance' when referring to a patient's behavior regarding health recommendations?
What is the preferred term over 'compliance' when referring to a patient's behavior regarding health recommendations?
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Which domain of learning involves physical activities like demonstration and discovery?
Which domain of learning involves physical activities like demonstration and discovery?
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What is a suggested teaching strategy for the affective domain of learning?
What is a suggested teaching strategy for the affective domain of learning?
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In effective communication with a patient, why is it important to vary the tone of voice?
In effective communication with a patient, why is it important to vary the tone of voice?
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Which technique is recommended to promote patient adherence?
Which technique is recommended to promote patient adherence?
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What is the role of the nurse as a coach in patient care?
What is the role of the nurse as a coach in patient care?
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What is the purpose of assessing a patient's neurological system?
What is the purpose of assessing a patient's neurological system?
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Which of the following is an important characteristic to consider when using auscultation during a physical assessment?
Which of the following is an important characteristic to consider when using auscultation during a physical assessment?
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When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, which factor might be assessed by observing the patient's breathing patterns?
When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, which factor might be assessed by observing the patient's breathing patterns?
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What is a common risk factor to consider when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
What is a common risk factor to consider when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
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During a cardiovascular examination, what might be assessed by inspecting the ankles or feet for swelling?
During a cardiovascular examination, what might be assessed by inspecting the ankles or feet for swelling?
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Which of the following is a characteristic feature commonly observed in older adults during thorax and lung assessments?
Which of the following is a characteristic feature commonly observed in older adults during thorax and lung assessments?
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What is an important consideration when using auscultation techniques for assessing lung sounds in a patient?
What is an important consideration when using auscultation techniques for assessing lung sounds in a patient?
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Why would assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system involve considering their exercise habits and dietary intake?
Why would assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system involve considering their exercise habits and dietary intake?
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What might be an indication that a patient has a problem with their cardiovascular system when assessing their health history?
What might be an indication that a patient has a problem with their cardiovascular system when assessing their health history?
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When conducting a physical assessment, what could be inferred if a patient exhibits difficulties in maintaining a supine position?
When conducting a physical assessment, what could be inferred if a patient exhibits difficulties in maintaining a supine position?
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When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, why is it important to consider observing the patient's breathing patterns?
When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, why is it important to consider observing the patient's breathing patterns?
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Why is it crucial to vary the areas auscultated during a respiratory system examination?
Why is it crucial to vary the areas auscultated during a respiratory system examination?
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What is a significant risk factor to consider when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
What is a significant risk factor to consider when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
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During a neurological system assessment, why might it be important to inquire about a patient's history of head injuries?
During a neurological system assessment, why might it be important to inquire about a patient's history of head injuries?
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Why should a clinician consider a patient's exercise habits when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
Why should a clinician consider a patient's exercise habits when assessing the musculoskeletal system?
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In the context of a complete respiratory examination, why is it crucial to assess tactile fremitus?
In the context of a complete respiratory examination, why is it crucial to assess tactile fremitus?
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What is a common risk factor to consider when assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system?
What is a common risk factor to consider when assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system?
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During auscultation for lung sounds in a patient, why is it important to use proper techniques?
During auscultation for lung sounds in a patient, why is it important to use proper techniques?
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What could be inferred if a patient exhibits difficulties in maintaining a supine position during a physical assessment?
What could be inferred if a patient exhibits difficulties in maintaining a supine position during a physical assessment?
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When assessing a patient's neurological system, what factor is important to consider?
When assessing a patient's neurological system, what factor is important to consider?
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Why is it essential to consider a patient's exercise habits and dietary intake when evaluating the musculoskeletal system?
Why is it essential to consider a patient's exercise habits and dietary intake when evaluating the musculoskeletal system?
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During a respiratory system examination, what might observing the patient's breathing patterns indicate?
During a respiratory system examination, what might observing the patient's breathing patterns indicate?
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When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, what might be assessed by observing the patient's breathing patterns?
When evaluating the respiratory system during a physical examination, what might be assessed by observing the patient's breathing patterns?
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Why would assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system involve considering their exercise habits and dietary intake?
Why would assessing a patient's musculoskeletal system involve considering their exercise habits and dietary intake?
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Which factor influences communication by taking into account the patients' beliefs and values?
Which factor influences communication by taking into account the patients' beliefs and values?
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What might be an indication that a patient has a problem with their cardiovascular system when assessing their health history?
What might be an indication that a patient has a problem with their cardiovascular system when assessing their health history?
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Which important characteristic should be considered when using auscultation during a physical assessment?
Which important characteristic should be considered when using auscultation during a physical assessment?
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What is an important risk factor to consider when assessing the neurological system of a patient?
What is an important risk factor to consider when assessing the neurological system of a patient?
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Which risk factor must be taken into account when evaluating a patient's musculoskeletal system?
Which risk factor must be taken into account when evaluating a patient's musculoskeletal system?
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During a respiratory system examination, what factor might be assessed by observing the patient's chest expansion?
During a respiratory system examination, what factor might be assessed by observing the patient's chest expansion?
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Which consideration is vital when assessing a patient with suspected musculoskeletal concerns?
Which consideration is vital when assessing a patient with suspected musculoskeletal concerns?
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What type of relationship phase involves the nurse introducing themselves, stating their shift end time, and reassuring the patient about their availability?
What type of relationship phase involves the nurse introducing themselves, stating their shift end time, and reassuring the patient about their availability?
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Which characteristic is NOT associated with the Assertive Nurse's self-presentation?
Which characteristic is NOT associated with the Assertive Nurse's self-presentation?
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In a therapeutic relationship, what does the Working Phase entail?
In a therapeutic relationship, what does the Working Phase entail?
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Which dispositional trait is crucial for a nurse in building trust with patients?
Which dispositional trait is crucial for a nurse in building trust with patients?
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What behavior is indicative of a nurse displaying assertiveness during interactions with patients?
What behavior is indicative of a nurse displaying assertiveness during interactions with patients?
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What is the primary focus when taking care of a patient according to the text?
What is the primary focus when taking care of a patient according to the text?
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During which phase of a therapeutic relationship would a nurse reassure a patient that they will be available for assistance when needed?
During which phase of a therapeutic relationship would a nurse reassure a patient that they will be available for assistance when needed?
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In the context of patient-care termination, what is expected from the patient?
In the context of patient-care termination, what is expected from the patient?
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What strategy is mentioned for optimal pacing in nursing observations according to the text?
What strategy is mentioned for optimal pacing in nursing observations according to the text?
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Why is privacy emphasized when building rapport in a healthcare setting?
Why is privacy emphasized when building rapport in a healthcare setting?
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What is the role of the nurse according to the text in terms of patient focus?
What is the role of the nurse according to the text in terms of patient focus?
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What is a key factor in promoting patient adherence to healthcare recommendations?
What is a key factor in promoting patient adherence to healthcare recommendations?
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Which learning domain involves activities like lecture, panel discussion, and written materials?
Which learning domain involves activities like lecture, panel discussion, and written materials?
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What is the preferred term emphasizing patient autonomy in following a treatment plan?
What is the preferred term emphasizing patient autonomy in following a treatment plan?
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Which communication technique should nurses use to ensure clarity and avoid overwhelming patients with excessive information?
Which communication technique should nurses use to ensure clarity and avoid overwhelming patients with excessive information?
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What strategy should be employed to establish relationships and identify readiness for change in coaching interactions?
What strategy should be employed to establish relationships and identify readiness for change in coaching interactions?
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Why is it essential for healthcare providers to be aware of personal assumptions, biases, and prejudices when working with patients from diverse cultures?
Why is it essential for healthcare providers to be aware of personal assumptions, biases, and prejudices when working with patients from diverse cultures?
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What aspect must be considered when assessing a patient's personal space during communication?
What aspect must be considered when assessing a patient's personal space during communication?
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Why is it important to acknowledge a patient's values and beliefs during communication?
Why is it important to acknowledge a patient's values and beliefs during communication?
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What characterizes the Therapeutic Relationship in healthcare communication?
What characterizes the Therapeutic Relationship in healthcare communication?
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In what way does invading a patient's personal space affect communication?
In what way does invading a patient's personal space affect communication?
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How does a patient's emotional state impact their ability to listen during communication?
How does a patient's emotional state impact their ability to listen during communication?
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What distinguishes Transformational leadership from Transactional leadership?
What distinguishes Transformational leadership from Transactional leadership?
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In which leadership style is the leader identified as indistinguishable within the group?
In which leadership style is the leader identified as indistinguishable within the group?
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What is a key characteristic of Quantum leadership?
What is a key characteristic of Quantum leadership?
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Which nursing professional is responsible for initial patient assessment, care planning, and administering parenteral medications?
Which nursing professional is responsible for initial patient assessment, care planning, and administering parenteral medications?
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What role involves a natural feeling of wanting to serve?
What role involves a natural feeling of wanting to serve?
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What is the essence of Lewin’s Theory of Change?
What is the essence of Lewin’s Theory of Change?
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What is an essential consideration for a comprehensive health assessment?
What is an essential consideration for a comprehensive health assessment?
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What is a crucial aspect of Quantum leadership?
What is a crucial aspect of Quantum leadership?
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Study Notes
Leadership Styles
- Democratic: characterized by a sense of equality among the leader and other participants, with decisions and activities shared
- Laissez-faire: the leader relinquishes power to the group, making it difficult to identify the leader
- Servant: begins with the natural feeling that one wants to serve
- Quantum: views an organization and its members as interconnected and collaborative, helpful in unpredictable events and changing environments
- Transactional: based on a task-and-reward orientation
- Transformational: charismatic, inspiring, and motivating leaders who are unique in their ability to inspire and motivate others
Leadership Qualities
- Charismatic
- Dynamic
- Enthusiastic
- Poised
- Confident
- Self-directed
- Flexible
- Knowledgeable
- Politically aware
Leadership Skills
- Commitment to excellence
- Problem-solving skills
- Commitment to and passion for one's work
- Trustworthiness and integrity
- Respectfulness
- Accessibility
- Empathy and caring
- Responsibility to enhance personal growth of all staff
Conflict Resolution Strategies
- Lewin's Theory of Change:
- Unfreezing: recognizing the need for change
- Moving: initiating change after careful planning
- Refreezing: making change operational
Achieving Self-Knowledge
- Identify strengths
- Evaluate how you accomplish work
- Clarify values
- Determine where you belong and what you can contribute
- Assume responsibility for relationships
ANA Principles for Delegating Care
- RN is responsible for:
- Initial patient assessment
- Discharge planning
- Health education
- Care planning
- Triage
- Interpreting patient data
- Care of invasive lines
- Administering parenteral medications
- RN can delegate tasks such as:
- Assistance with basic care activities
- Collecting patient data (e.g., vital signs)
- Simple dressing changes
- Transfers
- Postmortem care
- RN is responsible and accountable for nursing practice and supervises AP providing direct patient care
- Purpose of AP is to work in a supportive role to the RN
Considerations When Delegating Nursing Care
- Stability of the patient's condition
- Complexity of the activity
- Potential for harm
- Predictability of the outcome
- Overall context of other patient needs
Developing Leadership Responsibilities
- Knowledge of administrative structure
- Mentorship
- Preceptorship
- Participation in nursing and other professional organizations
- Continuing education
Overcoming Resistance to Change
- Explain proposed change to all affected
- List advantages of the change
- Relate change to person's existing beliefs and values
- Provide opportunities for open communication and feedback
- Indicate how change will be evaluated
- Introduce change gradually
- Provide incentives for commitment to change
Physical Assessment
- Types of Health Assessments:
- Comprehensive
- Ongoing partial
- Focused
- Emergency
- Preparing the Patient:
- Consider physiologic and psychological needs
- Explain process to patient
- Explain that physical assessments should not be painful
- Explain each procedure in detail
- Answer patient questions directly and honestly
- Preparing the Environment:
- Ensure patient is as free of pain as possible
- Prepare examination table
- Provide gown and drape
- Gather supplies and instruments
- Provide a comfortable room temperature
- Positions Used During a Physical Assessment:
- Standing
- Sitting
- Supine
- Dorsal recumbent
- Sim's
- Prone
- Lithotomy
- Knee-chest
Integumentary Assessment
- Identify risk factors:
- History of rashes, lesions, bruising, allergies
- Exposures to sun, chemicals
- Piercings or tattoos
- Degree of mobility
- Nutritional status
- Inspection and palpation
- Terminology:
- Erythema (redness)
- Ecchymosis (collection of blood in subcutaneous tissue)
- Petechiae (hemorrhagic spots/capillary bleeding)
- Cyanosis (bluish or grayish color)
- Jaundice (yellow color)
- Pallor (paleness)
- Diaphoresis (excessive perspiration)
- Turgor (elasticity)
- Edema (excess fluid)
Other Systems Assessments
- Head and Neck:
- Identify risk factors
- Inspection and palpation
- Visual acuity, extraocular movements, peripheral vision
- Hearing and sound conduction
- Thyroid gland and lymph nodes
- Thorax and Lungs:
- Identify risk factors
- Inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion
- Posterior thorax excursion/chest expansion
- Lung sounds:
- Bronchial or tubular
- Bronchovesicular
- Vesicular
- Adventitious
- Wheeze
- Rhonchi
- Crackles
- Stridor
- Friction rub
- Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Systems:
- Identify risk factors
- Inspection, palpation, and auscultation
- Carotid arteries, heart sounds, peripheral pulses
- Neurovascular status
- Abdomen:
- Identify risk factors
- Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation
- Characteristics of masses:
- Shape
- Size
- Consistency
- Surface
- Mobility
- Tenderness
- Musculoskeletal System:
- Identify risk factors
- Inspection, palpation
- Neurovascular status
- Neurological System:
- Identify risk factors
- History of numbness, tingling, seizures, trembling
- Headaches or dizziness
- Trauma to head or spine
- History of HTN or stroke
- Changes in vision, hearing, taste, or smell
- History of diabetes or cardiovascular disease
- Alcohol and medications
- Health history interview
- Mental status:
- Level of consciousness
- Level of awareness
- Memory
- Emotional status
- Cognitive abilities and behavior
- Cerebellar function
- Cranial nerve function
- Motor and sensory function
- Reflexes
Communication
- Forms of Communication:
- Verbal (e.g., telling a patient to wash their hands)
- Non-Verbal (e.g., touch, eye contact, facial expressions)
- Factors Influencing Communication:
- Developmental level
- Sociocultural differences
- Roles and responsibilities
- Providing Culturally Competent Patient Education:
- Develop an understanding of the patient's culture
- Work with a multicultural team
- Be aware of personal assumptions, biases, and prejudices
- Understand the core cultural values of the patient or group
- Develop written material in the patient's preferred language
Teaching and Learning
- Assessment of the Learner:
- Identify learning needs
- Assess learning readiness
- Assess learning style
- Assess learning strengths
- Consider the patient's motivation
- Promoting Patient and Family/Caregiver Adherence:
- Adherence is preferred over compliance
- Refers to the extent to which a person's behavior corresponds with agreed-upon recommendations
- Uses a team approach to the treatment plan
- Reflects the patient's right to choose
- Supports inclusive and active patient role
- Suggested Teaching Strategies:
- Cognitive domain: lecture, panel, discovery, written materials
- Affective domain: role modeling, discussion, audiovisual materials
- Psychomotor domain: demonstration, discovery, printed materials
- Factors Affecting Patient Learning:
- Age and developmental level
- Family/caregiver support networks
- Financial resources
- Cultural influences and language
- Health literacy
- Teaching Plans for Older Adults:
- Identify learning barriers
- Allow extra time
- Plan short teaching sessions
- Accommodate for sensory deficits
- Reduce environmental distractions
- Relate new information to familiar activities or information
- Effective Communication Techniques:
- Be sincere and honest
- Show genuine interest
- Avoid giving too much detail
- Ask if the patient has questions
- Be a cheerleader for the patient
- Use simple words
- Vary the tone of voice and keep content clear and concise
- Ensure the environment is conducive to learning and free from interruptions
- Be sensitive to the timing and length of the session
- Role of the Nurse as Coach:
- Establishing relationships and identifying readiness for change
- Identifying opportunities, issues, and concerns
- Establishing patient-centered goals
- Creating the structure of the coaching interaction
- Empowering and motivating patients to reach goals
- Assisting the patient to determine progress toward goals### Leadership Styles
- Democratic: equality among leader and participants, shared decisions and activities
- Laissez-faire: leader relinquishes power to the group, hard to identify the leader
- Servant: leader serves others, prioritizes others' needs
- Quantum: organization and members are interconnected and collaborative
- Transactional: task-and-reward orientation
- Transformational: charismatic, inspires and motivates others
Leadership Qualities
- Charismatic
- Dynamic
- Enthusiastic
- Poised
- Confident
- Self-directed
- Flexible
- Knowledgeable
- Politically aware
Leadership Skills
- Commitment to excellence
- Problem-solving skills
- Commitment to and passion for work
- Trustworthiness and integrity
- Respectfulness
- Accessibility
- Empathy and caring
- Responsibility to enhance personal growth
Conflict Resolution Strategies
- Lewin's Theory of Change
- Unfreezing: recognize need for change
- Moving: plan and implement change
- Refreezing: change becomes operational
Achieving Self-Knowledge
- Identify strengths
- Evaluate work accomplishment
- Clarify values
- Determine where you belong and what you can contribute
- Assume responsibility for relationships
ANA Principles for Delegating Care
- RN responsible for initial patient assessment, discharge planning, health education, care planning, triage, interpreting patient data, care of invasive lines, and administering parenteral medications
- RN can delegate tasks such as assistance with basic care activities, collecting patient data, simple dressing changes, transfers, and postmortem care
- RN responsible and accountable for nursing practice and supervises AP providing direct patient care
- AP works in a supportive role to the RN
Considerations When Delegating Nursing Care
- Stability of the patient's condition
- Complexity of the activity
- Potential for harm
- Predictability of the outcome
- Overall context of other patient needs
Overcoming Resistance to Change
- Explain proposed change to all affected
- List advantages of the change
- Relate change to person's existing beliefs and values
- Provide opportunities for open communication and feedback
- Indicate how change will be evaluated
- Introduce change gradually
- Provide incentives for commitment to change
Physical Assessment
Types of Health Assessments
- Comprehensive: conducted upon admission to healthcare facility
- Ongoing partial: conducted at regular intervals
- Focused: conducted to assess a specific problem
- Emergency: conducted to determine life-threatening or unstable conditions
Preparing the Patient for Physical Assessment
- Consider physiologic and psychological needs of the patient
- Explain the process to the patient
- Ensure privacy and comfort
Preparing the Environment for Physical Assessment
- Ensure patient is as pain-free as possible
- Prepare the examination table
- Gather necessary supplies and instruments
- Provide a comfortable room temperature
Positions Used During a Physical Assessment
- Standing: assess posture, balance, and gait
- Sitting: assess upper body
- Supine: assess abdominal muscles
- Dorsal recumbent: assess rectum and vagina
- Sim's: assess rectum and vagina
- Prone: assess hip joint and posterior thorax
- Lithotomy: assess female genitalia and rectum
- Knee-chest: assess anus and rectum
Integumentary Assessment
- Identify risk factors: rashes, lesions, bruising, allergies
- Inspection and palpation: assess skin, hair, and nails
Head and Neck Assessment
- Identify risk factors: vision changes, hearing loss, allergies
- Inspection and palpation: assess eyes, ears, nose, and throat
Thorax and Lungs Assessment
- Identify risk factors: chest pain, lung disease, smoking
- Inspection, palpation, auscultation, and percussion: assess lungs and chest
Cardiovascular and Peripheral Vascular Assessment
- Identify risk factors: chest pain, palpitations, dizziness
- Inspection, palpation, and auscultation: assess heart, blood pressure, and peripheral pulses
Abdominal Assessment
- Identify risk factors: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting
- Inspection, auscultation, percussion, and palpation: assess abdomen and organs
Musculoskeletal System Assessment
- Identify risk factors: trauma, arthritis, neurologic disorders
- Inspection, palpation, and range of motion exercises: assess muscles, bones, and joints
Neurological System Assessment
- Identify risk factors: numbness, tingling, seizures, trembling
- Inspection, palpation, and tests of cognitive function: assess brain function and nervous system
Communication
Forms of Communication
- Verbal communication: spoken words
- Non-verbal communication: touch, facial expressions, body language, tone of voice
Factors Influencing Communication
- Developmental level
- Sociocultural differences
- Roles and responsibilities
- Space and territoriality
- Physical, mental, and emotional state
- Values and beliefs
- Environment
The Therapeutic Relationship
- Sets the climate for participants to work towards common goals
- Characterized by unequal sharing of information
- Patient should be the one oversharing### Leadership Styles
- Democratic: characterized by a sense of equality among the leader and other participants, with shared decisions and activities
- Laissez-faire: the leader relinquishes power to the group, making it difficult to identify the leader
- Servant: begins with a natural feeling of wanting to serve
- Quantum: views an organization and its members as interconnected and collaborative, helpful in unpredictable events and changing environments
- Transactional: based on a task-and-reward orientation
- Transformational: charismatic leaders inspire and motivate others
Leadership Qualities
- Charismatic
- Dynamic
- Enthusiastic
- Poised
- Confident
- Self-directed
- Flexible
- Knowledgeable
- Politically aware
Leadership Skills
- Commitment to excellence
- Problem-solving skills
- Commitment to and passion for one’s work
- Trustworthiness and integrity
- Respectfulness
- Accessibility
- Empathy and caring
- Responsibility to enhance personal growth of all staff
Conflict Resolution Strategies
- Lewin’s Theory of Change:
- Unfreezing: recognizing the need for change
- Moving: change is initiated after careful planning
- Refreezing: change becomes operational
Achieving Self-Knowledge
- Identify your strengths
- Evaluate how you accomplish work
- Clarify your values
- Determine where you belong and what you can contribute
- Assume responsibility for relationships
ANA Principles for Delegating Care
- RN is responsible for initial patient assessment, discharge planning, health education, care planning, triage, interpretation of patient data, care of invasive lines, and administering parenteral medications
- RN can delegate tasks such as assistance with basic care activities, collecting patient data, simple dressing changes, transfers, and postmortem care
- RN is responsible and accountable for nursing practice and supervises any AP providing direct patient care
- Purpose of AP is to work in a supportive role to the RN
Considerations When Delegating Nursing Care
- Stability of the patient’s condition
- Complexity of the activity
- Potential for harm
- Predictability of the outcome
- Overall context of other patient needs
Developing Leadership Responsibilities
- Knowledge of the administrative structure
- Mentorship
- Preceptorship
- Participation in nursing and other professional organizations
- Continuing education
Overcoming Resistance to Change
- Explain proposed change to all affected
- List the advantages of the change
- Relate the change to the person’s existing beliefs and values
- Provide opportunities for open communication and feedback
- Indicate how change will be evaluated
- Introduce change gradually
- Provide incentives for commitment to change
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Description
Test your knowledge on different leadership styles such as democratic, laissez-faire, servant, and quantum. Learn about the characteristics and approaches of each leadership style.