Podcast
Questions and Answers
What was a significant change that occurred at the GM NUMMI plant by 1986 compared to 1982?
What was a significant change that occurred at the GM NUMMI plant by 1986 compared to 1982?
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the GM Fremont plant in 1982?
Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of the GM Fremont plant in 1982?
What strategy did General Motors employ in the 1950s to address labor issues?
What strategy did General Motors employ in the 1950s to address labor issues?
What was a reported effect on the workers in the new GM plants established during the Sunbelt Strategy?
What was a reported effect on the workers in the new GM plants established during the Sunbelt Strategy?
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Which need was identified as essential for the new management at NUMMI to address?
Which need was identified as essential for the new management at NUMMI to address?
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What is the primary focus of management theories?
What is the primary focus of management theories?
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Which of the following best defines transformational leadership?
Which of the following best defines transformational leadership?
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What is one characteristic of relationship theories?
What is one characteristic of relationship theories?
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In the Diamond Model of Leadership, what does 'strategic thinking' relate to?
In the Diamond Model of Leadership, what does 'strategic thinking' relate to?
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What aspect is NOT a focus of management theories?
What aspect is NOT a focus of management theories?
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Which of the following is an environmental factor considered in the Diamond Model?
Which of the following is an environmental factor considered in the Diamond Model?
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What is a key outcome expected from relationship theories?
What is a key outcome expected from relationship theories?
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What is the typical approach of managerial theories towards employee failures?
What is the typical approach of managerial theories towards employee failures?
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What is the primary focus of contingency theories of leadership?
What is the primary focus of contingency theories of leadership?
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According to situational theories, what factor primarily influences a leader's choice of action?
According to situational theories, what factor primarily influences a leader's choice of action?
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What philosophy underpins behavioral theories of leadership?
What philosophy underpins behavioral theories of leadership?
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In participative leadership theories, what aspect does the leader retain?
In participative leadership theories, what aspect does the leader retain?
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Which leadership style is suggested to be most appropriate when the leader possesses the most knowledge and experience?
Which leadership style is suggested to be most appropriate when the leader possesses the most knowledge and experience?
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What do contingency theories assert about effective leadership?
What do contingency theories assert about effective leadership?
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Which of the following elements is NOT considered in situational theories?
Which of the following elements is NOT considered in situational theories?
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What characteristic is typically associated with participative leadership?
What characteristic is typically associated with participative leadership?
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What is the main criterion for winning the competition among the Women's Departments at KIABI stores?
What is the main criterion for winning the competition among the Women's Departments at KIABI stores?
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What is the reward for the winning store in the sales competition?
What is the reward for the winning store in the sales competition?
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Which aspect of the competition includes a reward for recognition rather than a material prize?
Which aspect of the competition includes a reward for recognition rather than a material prize?
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What is the demographic composition of the employees under the manager's responsibility?
What is the demographic composition of the employees under the manager's responsibility?
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What is a primary goal for the manager regarding the upcoming competition?
What is a primary goal for the manager regarding the upcoming competition?
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How long has the manager been in charge of the women's and men's departments?
How long has the manager been in charge of the women's and men's departments?
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Where will the first meeting to discuss the competition be held?
Where will the first meeting to discuss the competition be held?
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How will the results of the competition be communicated to the managers?
How will the results of the competition be communicated to the managers?
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What assumption is associated with the Bureaucracy paradigm in management?
What assumption is associated with the Bureaucracy paradigm in management?
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Which of the following leadership theories suggests that leaders possess inherent traits for effective leadership?
Which of the following leadership theories suggests that leaders possess inherent traits for effective leadership?
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What critical viewpoint is questioned within Trait's Theory concerning leaders who do not exhibit strong leadership despite possessing certain traits?
What critical viewpoint is questioned within Trait's Theory concerning leaders who do not exhibit strong leadership despite possessing certain traits?
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In which management paradigm is power primarily distributed by office rather than by lineage?
In which management paradigm is power primarily distributed by office rather than by lineage?
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Which leadership theory portrays leaders as mythic figures destined to rise when needed?
Which leadership theory portrays leaders as mythic figures destined to rise when needed?
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What is a significant challenge associated with Trait Theories in identifying effective leaders?
What is a significant challenge associated with Trait Theories in identifying effective leaders?
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What is the primary assumption of Infocracy regarding the redistribution of power?
What is the primary assumption of Infocracy regarding the redistribution of power?
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What does the Behavioral Theory of leadership focus on regarding leaders?
What does the Behavioral Theory of leadership focus on regarding leaders?
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Study Notes
Leadership: Session 2
- SKEMA Business School is a business school with various accreditations (EQUIS, AMBA, AACSB, EFMD)
- GM (General Motors) leadership problems, including a cartoon depicting issues with new concepts.
- A background on General Motors' Sunbelt Strategy in the 1950s, focused on building non-union plants in the southern and western USA. The strategy was seen as an effort to avoid union influence in these states. This led to conflict-ridden plants.
- Details about the 1982 GM Fremont Plant, including high absenteeism (20%), unresolved grievances (2000), annual grievances (5000), and wildcat strikes (3-4). The Chevrolet Nova was 30% more costly to manufacture than Japanese models. Productivity and quality were also considered the worst in GM.
- Description of the 1986 GM NUMMI Plant: Employee count (2000), low absenteeism (2%), zero unresolved and annual grievances, zero wildcat strikes, product costs similar to Japanese models, double GM average in terms of productivity, and deemed the best in GM in terms of quality.
- Critical needs identified for new management at NUMMI - understanding and valuing employees.
- Paradigm shifts in management, moving from aristocracy to bureaucracy to infocracy. Power distribution shifts from gender/lineage to gender/office and then to key process contributors.
- Important leadership theories - Great Man, Trait, Contingency, Situational, Behavioral, Participative, Management and Relationship.
- Further detail on Great Man theory, explaining a leader as "born to lead" with inherent qualities, and traits
- Further detail on Trait theories, linking traits to leadership qualities.
- Detail on Contingency theories, focusing on variables influencing leadership style and suggesting no single best style.
- Situational theories - leaders choose the best course based on situational variables, with examples of authoritarian vs. democratic leadership styles dependent on characteristics of the group.
- Behavioral theories - believe leaders are made not born, focusing on observable actions for leadership development.
- Participative leadership - emphasizing the importance of input from others. Leaders still retain the right to accept or reject ideas.
- Management theories, aka Transactional theories - based on rewards and punishments.
- Relationship theories; emphasizing leaders focusing on task performance while inspiring potential and moral standards.
- Detail on The Diamond Model of Leadership: the leader, followers/people, organization, tasks, and effects of the environment.
Additional Information
- Commitment: Questions for participants to consider how to gain commitment from people and employees towards their team or organization.
- KIABi Vincenza Case Study: KIABI, a clothing retailer, has a competition for its women's departments in Italy, with the store with the best sales progression winning a celebratory dinner. The manager is in charge of five young employees.
Presentation Notes (Pages 23-24)
- Group Presentation Class Discussion: Discussion points about what makes a good and bad presentation.
- HLBT Method for Communicating (in public, digital presentation, in teams) A summarized method for creating better communications.
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Description
Explore the leadership challenges faced by General Motors through this quiz. Delve into the contrasting operational strategies of the company in the 1980s, including the impacts of the Sunbelt Strategy and the successes of the NUMMI plant. Understand how leadership decisions influenced productivity and employee relations.
