Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with hyperkalemia and ECG changes?
Which intervention is most appropriate for a patient with hyperkalemia and ECG changes?
Which symptoms would the nurse expect in a patient with hypermagnesemia? (Select all that apply.)
Which symptoms would the nurse expect in a patient with hypermagnesemia? (Select all that apply.)
A patient with hyperphosphatemia may develop which associated condition?
A patient with hyperphosphatemia may develop which associated condition?
What is the priority intervention for a patient with severe hyponatremia and seizures?
What is the priority intervention for a patient with severe hyponatremia and seizures?
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A patient with hypercalcemia complains of weakness. What additional assessment findings should the nurse monitor?
A patient with hypercalcemia complains of weakness. What additional assessment findings should the nurse monitor?
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Which ECG change is commonly associated with hypocalcemia?
Which ECG change is commonly associated with hypocalcemia?
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What is the priority nursing action for a patient with hypernatremia due to water deficit?
What is the priority nursing action for a patient with hypernatremia due to water deficit?
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Which food choice indicates a patient understands dietary teaching for hypokalemia?
Which food choice indicates a patient understands dietary teaching for hypokalemia?
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Which clinical manifestations are expected in severe hypophosphatemia?
Which clinical manifestations are expected in severe hypophosphatemia?
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What is the most likely cause of hypomagnesemia in a patient with chronic alcoholism?
What is the most likely cause of hypomagnesemia in a patient with chronic alcoholism?
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Which action is essential when administering IV potassium chloride?
Which action is essential when administering IV potassium chloride?
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Which intervention is indicated for a patient with hypermagnesemia and renal insufficiency?
Which intervention is indicated for a patient with hypermagnesemia and renal insufficiency?
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Which symptom is most concerning in a patient with hypokalemia?
Which symptom is most concerning in a patient with hypokalemia?
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Which physical assessment finding is indicative of hypocalcemia?
Which physical assessment finding is indicative of hypocalcemia?
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What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with hyperkalemia?
What is the priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with hyperkalemia?
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A patient with hypomagnesemia may exhibit which symptoms?
A patient with hypomagnesemia may exhibit which symptoms?
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When administering IV magnesium sulfate, what is the priority nursing action?
When administering IV magnesium sulfate, what is the priority nursing action?
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Which complication is most associated with prolonged hypercalcemia?
Which complication is most associated with prolonged hypercalcemia?
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Which intervention is appropriate for severe hypophosphatemia?
Which intervention is appropriate for severe hypophosphatemia?
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Which statement indicates understanding of dietary restrictions for hyperkalemia?
Which statement indicates understanding of dietary restrictions for hyperkalemia?
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Study Notes
Electrolyte Imbalances Practice Quiz: Key Concepts
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Hyperkalemia Management: Administering IV insulin with glucose is the most appropriate intervention for a patient with hyperkalemia and ECG changes. This drives potassium into cells, lowering serum potassium levels. Glucose prevents hypoglycemia.
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Hypermagnesemia Symptoms: Symptoms expected in hypermagnesemia include lethargy, decreased deep tendon reflexes, and muscle flaccidity. Hyperactive reflexes and a positive Chvostek's sign are associated with hypocalcemia, not hypermagnesemia.
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Phosphate-Calcium Relationship: Hyperphosphatemia can lead to hypocalcemia due to the reciprocal relationship between calcium and phosphate.
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Severe Hyponatremia Intervention: The priority intervention for a patient with severe hyponatremia and seizures is to administer 3% sodium chloride IV slowly. Careful administration is critical to restore sodium levels safely.
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Hypercalcemia Assessment: Nursing assessment in hypercalcemia should monitor for bone pain and kidney stones, as these are common complications.
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Hypocalcemia ECG Changes: A prolonged QT interval is commonly associated with hypocalcemia.
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Hypernatremia Intervention: The priority nursing action for a patient with hypernatremia due to a water deficit is to administer sodium-free fluids, such as 5% dextrose in water.
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Hypokalemia Dietary Teaching: A correct dietary teaching response for hypokalemia is to choose bananas and oranges, as these are high in potassium, helping to correct the imbalance.
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Hypophosphatemia Interventions: IV potassium phosphate is the appropriate intervention for severe hypophosphatemia.
Hyperkalemia Specifics
- Rationale: IV insulin with glucose is used to move potassium into cells, thus lowering blood potassium levels.
Hypermagnesemia Specifics
- Rationale: Hypermagnesemia can cause neuromuscular depression, leading to lethargy, reduced reflexes, and muscle flaccidity.
Hypocalcemia Specifics
- Rationale: Hypocalcemia leads to neuromuscular irritability, as indicated by the presence of Trousseau's sign.
Hyponatremia Specifics
- Rationale: Severe hyponatremia and seizures necessitates cautious administration of hypertonic saline (3% sodium chloride) to avoid rapid shifts in sodium levels.
Hypernatremia Specifics
- Rationale: Restoring fluid balance is critical for a patient in a water deficit, requiring sodium-free fluids to address the water deficit without further increasing sodium levels.
Hypokalemia Specifics
- Rationale: Bananas and oranges are high in potassium, helping to correct hypokalemia.
Hypophosphatemia Specifics
- Rationale: IV potassium phosphate is the appropriate intervention as it is the best delivery method for immediate phosphate replacement in severe hypophosphatemia.
Hyperkalemia Dietary Teaching
- Rationale: Salt substitutes often contain potassium, which should be avoided in hyperkalemia patients to prevent detrimental impacts.
Magnesium Imbalance Assessment
- Rationale (Hypomagnesemia): Hypomagnesemia causes neuromuscular hyperirritability, evidenced by hyperactive reflexes and tremors.
IV Magnesium Administration
- Rationale (Magnesium IV): The priority nursing action involves monitoring for respiratory depression, as rapid administration of IV magnesium sulfate can lead to respiratory and cardiac depression.
Hypercalcemia Complications
- Rationale (Hypercalcemia): Prolonged hypercalcemia can weaken bones, increasing the risk of bone fractures.
Nursing Diagnosis for Hyperkalemia
- Rationale: Risk for decreased cardiac output is the priority because hyperkalemia directly affects cardiac conduction, potentially leading to decreased cardiac output and potentially life-threatening arrhythmias.
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