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Questions and Answers

What is the capital of France? (example question)

  • Paris (correct)
  • London
  • Berlin
  • Madrid

    • What is the serous membrane that surrounds the heart?

  • Pericardium (correct)
  • Pleura
  • Peritoneum
  • Mesentery

    • What covers the outer surface of the heart?

  • Endocardium
  • Myocardium
  • Epicardium (correct)
  • Pericardium

    • What is the pointed tip of the heart wall?

    <p>Apex (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three layers of the heart wall?

    <p>Endocardium, myocardium, epicardium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are specialized sites between cardiac muscle cells that allow electrical impulses to propagate?

    <p>Intercalated discs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What supports the flaps of the atrioventricular valves?

    <p>Papillary muscles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plasma and formed elements make up what?

    <p>Blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contains enzymes and factors important to blood clotting?

    <p>Plasma (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fibrinogen molecules convert to form large, insoluble strands of _____?

    <p>Fibrin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Red blood cells contain the pigment _____?

    <p>Hemoglobin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the smallest blood vessels?

    <p>Capillaries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innermost layer of a blood vessel?

    <p>Tunica Intima (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important energy reserve found in the liver and skeletal muscle?

    <p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The outermost layer of collagen fibers that surrounds the entire muscle is called ____?

    <p>Epimysium (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What manufactures and stores melanin?

    <p>Melanocytes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A ligament attaches ___ to ___.

    <p>Bone to Bone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do cross-bridges in muscle refer to?

    <p>Muscular relaxation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Carbohydrates are the first source of energy; what is the second?

    <p>Lipids (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 5 functions of the skeletal system?

    <p>Support, movement, protection, blood/cell production, storage of minerals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Calcium ions are released from the ____?

    <p>Sarcoplasmic reticulum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the functions of the skin?

    <p>Sensory reception, protection, excretion and secretion (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The glands that produce oil to lubricate the skin are ____.

    <p>Sebaceous glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What ion is responsible for causing the neuron to become hyperpolarized?

    <p>Potassium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A neuron communicates with the muscle cell at the _____.

    <p>Neuromuscular Junction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following options are examples of hormones?

    <p>Oxytocin, melatonin, ADH (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All of the following are functions of the hypothalamus except _____ .

    <p>Release ADH and oxytocin into circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regulated hormone secretion by the hypothalamus is regulated through ____ .

    <p>Negative feedback (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A _____ is a chemical messenger that is released in one tissue and transported by the blood to reach target cells in other tissues.

    <p>Hormone (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    _____ is a hormone found in the heart that is released when excessive pressure occurs in the atria.

    <p>Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones are produced by the posterior pituitary gland? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Oxytocin (A), Vasopressin (ADH) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    FSH hormone stimulates sperm production.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does air normally enter the respiratory system?

    <p>Through the nares into the nasal cavity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What chamber is shared by the digestive and respiratory systems?

    <p>Pharynx (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cells in the respiratory tract produce mucus to trap particulate matter?

    <p>Goblet cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What narrow opening in the larynx leads to the trachea?

    <p>Glottis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure prevents food or liquids from entering the respiratory tract during swallowing?

    <p>Epiglottis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cartilage sits superior to the cricoid cartilage in the larynx?

    <p>Thyroid Cartilage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contains elastic ligaments that extend between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages?

    <p>True vocal cords (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What reflex is triggered when food or liquid touches the vocal cords?

    <p>Coughing reflex (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure contains C-shaped cartilages to help keep the airway open?

    <p>Trachea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What branches into the right and left primary bronchi?

    <p>Trachea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does sympathetic activation cause in the bronchioles?

    <p>Bronchodilation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does parasympathetic activation cause in the bronchioles?

    <p>Bronchoconstriction (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where do respiratory bronchioles lead?

    <p>Alveolar ducts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cells patrol the respiratory epithelium to remove debris?

    <p>Alveolar macrophages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a blockage of a pulmonary branch called?

    <p>Pulmonary Embolism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What covers the inner surface of the chest wall?

    <p>Parietal Pleura (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What 2 structures compose the loop of Henle?

    <p>Thin descending limb and thick ascending limb (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What quadrant is the liver located in?

    <p>Right upper quadrant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What connects the kidney to the bladder?

    <p>Ureter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The external urethral sphincter is a voluntary muscle.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The digestive tract can signal for the release of hormones that convey feelings of "Hungry" and "Full".

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete?

    <p>9 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of structures that hormones can be classified as?

    <p>Amino acid derivatives, peptide hormones, and lipid derivatives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone can help control bleeding after childbirth?

    <p>Oxytocin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main functions of the hypothalamus in the endocrine system?

    <p>Sending signals to the pituitary gland to control hormone release (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes a type of diabetes?

    <p>Pancreas is insulin resistant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What secondary hormone is released by the heart?

    <p>Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What disorder is caused by a deficiency of calcitriol in kids?

    <p>Rickets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of an age-related side effect of a decrease in female sex hormones?

    <p>Menopause (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term metabolism refer to?

    <p>The process of energy transformation in the body (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal of metabolism?

    <p>To balance energy production and usage (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of anabolism?

    <p>Create new molecules for growth and repair (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Catabolism is responsible for breaking down which molecules?

    <p>Fats, Carbohydrates, and Proteins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do kidneys play in metabolism?

    <p>Regulating fluids, pH, and electrolytes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The liver is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percent of energy released during catabolism is captured?

    <p>40% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cellular respiration provides most of the ATP in cells.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    ____ is a metabolic disease that involves the body not producing or using insulin properly.

    <p>Diabetes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is mitochondrial disease?

    <p>An autoimmune condition (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is PMAT and what does it stand for?

    <p>The four phases of mitosis where cells begin to duplicate; Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are 3 components of an atom?

    <p>Proton, neutron, electron (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three types of muscle tissue?

    <p>Skeletal, cardiac, smooth (@)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two molecules sharing electrons to become stable called?

    <p>Covalent bond (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a molecule?

    <p>One or more elements bonded together (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is lymph?

    <p>A fluid containing white blood cells that circulates through lymphatic vessels (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spleen's role in the lymphatic system?

    <p>Produce Insulin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the lymphatic system?

    <p>Maintain fluid balance and protect against infection (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are primarily involved in the immune response?

    <p>White blood cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

    <p>Filter lymph and trap pathogens (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of T cells in the lymphatic system?

    <p>Attack infected cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the lymphatic vessels?

    <p>Collect and transport lymph (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What protects the central nervous system?

    <p>The meninges are the protective layer around the CNS. Pia mater, Arachnoid, Subarachnoid, Subdural space, and the dura mater.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the 4 stages of cellular respiration?

    <p>Glycolysis, preparatory reaction, citric acid cycle, electron transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the kidneys?

    <p>The kidneys filter for body waste and toxic substances. They also balance body fluids, return and reabsorb vitamins, amino acids, and glucose to the bloodstream.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the components for blood pressure regulation?

    <p>Peripheral resistance, cardiac output, changes in fluid that are available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Capital of France (example flashcard)

    Paris

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