Laryngeal Cartilages and Muscles Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What structure of the trachea allows it a considerable flexibility to follow the movement of the neck?

  • Cuneiform process
  • Thyro-hyoid
  • Annular ligament (correct)
  • Dorsal crico-arytenoid

Which muscle completes the dorsal side of the trachea?

  • Transverse arytenoid
  • Sterno-thyro-hyoid
  • Hyo-epiglottic
  • Tracheal muscle (correct)

Where does the trachea extend from and to?

  • Larynx to the hilus of the lungs (correct)
  • Thoracic inlet to the vocal folds
  • Annular ligament to the principal bronchus
  • Cricoid cartilage to the tracheal bifurcation

Which part of the trachea consists of cartilaginous C-shaped rings?

<p>Thoracic part (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure bifurcates at the hilus of the lungs?

<p>Principal bronchus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which ligament joins the tracheal cartilages or rings together?

<p>Annular ligament (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the sinuses discussed in the text?

<p>Lighten the bones of the skull (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nasal meatuses is located between the dorsal nasal conchae and ventral nasal conchae?

<p>Middle nasal meatus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the larynx in the respiratory system mentioned in the text?

<p>Protect from solid matter aspiration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skull do sinuses help protect according to the text?

<p>Nasal passages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the larynx do when a dog is eating or drinking?

<p>Closes to protect the airway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the skull do sinuses serve to thermally insulate according to the text?

<p>Nervous centers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the annular ligament in the trachea?

<p>Supports the tracheal cartilages (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the tracheal bifurcation located?

<p>At the split point where the trachea branches into bronchi (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which structure connects the pharynx to the trachea?

<p>Epiglottis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the tracheal muscle?

<p>Maintain airway patency (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the larynx is essential for attachment of vocal cords?

<p>Vocal process (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the bronchial tree, what is the purpose of cartilaginous rings?

<p>To prevent airway collapse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Thyroid Cartilage

The largest laryngeal cartilage, forming the Adam's apple.

Cricoid Cartilage

Signet ring-shaped; connects the thyroid cartilage to the trachea.

Crico-thyroid Muscle

Tenses vocal cords; important for voice production.

Dorsal crico-arytenoid Muscle

Opens the glottis (space between vocal cords).

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Lateral crico-arytenoid Muscle

Closes the glottis.

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Trachea

Cartilaginous tube connecting larynx to lungs.

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Tracheal Cartilages

C-shaped rings providing support to the trachea.

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Annular Ligament

Connects the tracheal rings.

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Tracheal Muscle

Smooth muscle completing the trachea's dorsal side.

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Nasal Meatuses

Passageways within the nose, above the conchae.

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Larynx

Voice box; connects pharynx and trachea.

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Pharynx

Food/air passage; above the larynx.

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Laryngeal Functions

Airway protection, voice production, and air regulation.

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Sinuses

Air-filled spaces in the skull with resonating functions.

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Extrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

Connect the larynx to surrounding structures.

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Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscles

Control vocal cord tension and opening/closing.

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Study Notes

Laryngeal Cartilages

  • Cuneiform process: the most rostral process of the arytenoid cartilage
  • Thyroid cartilage: largest laryngeal cartilage, opens dorsally, and forms Adam's apple in man
  • Cricoid cartilage: signet ring-like shape, connects the thyroid cartilage and trachea

Muscles of Larynx

  • Extrinsic Muscles:
    • Stern-thyro-hyoid
    • Thyro-hyoid
    • Hyo-epiglottic
  • Intrinsic Muscles:
    • Crico-thyroid: tenses the vocal cords
    • Dorsal crico-arytenoid: dilates the rima
    • Lateral crico-arytenoid: closes the rima
    • Transverse arytenoid: assists the closing of rima
    • Ventricular: closes rima and loosens vocal folds
    • Vocal: closes rima and loosens vocal folds

Trachea

  • A non-collapsible tube that is both cartilaginous and membranous in nature
  • Extends from the cricoid cartilage of the larynx to the hilus of the lungs where it bifurcates to the right a principal bronchus
  • Composed of cartilaginous C-shaped tracheal rings
  • Has two parts:
    • Cervical part runs from the larynx to thoracic inlet
    • Thoracic part continues at the bifurcation

Tracheal Anatomy

  • Annular ligament: joins the tracheal cartilages or ring to one another
  • Tracheal muscle: smooth muscle that completes the dorsal side of the trachea

Nasal Meatuses

  • Passageway between the conchae
  • Types:
    • Dorsal nasal meatus: narrow passageway between the dorsal nasal conchae and nasal bone
    • Middle nasal meatus: passageway between the dorsal nasal conchae and ventral nasal conchae
    • Common nasal meatus: narrow vertical space between the nasal septum and the conchae in general
    • Ventral nasal meatus: largest one and located in the ventral nasal conchae and hard palate

Sinuses

  • Functions:
    • Impart resonance to the voice
    • Thermally insulate the nervous centers
    • Lighten the bones of the skull
    • Increase the area of the olfactory meatus
    • Protect the eyes, nasal passages, and cranial activity
  • Are an air-filled part of the skull

Laryngeal Functions

  • Protects the respiratory system from solid matter aspiration
  • Exerts regulatory influence on the rate and quality of air inflow
  • Associated with voice, sound creation

Pharynx

  • Conducts inspired air from the nasal cavity to the larynx
  • Divided into dorsal nasal pharynx and ventral oropharynx
  • Further divided by a muscular membranous partition known as soft palate

Larynx

  • Short, membranous-cartilaginous valvular apparatus
  • Connects the pharynx and the trachea
  • Composed of nine cartilages
  • Has a collection of laryngeal folds that sit in the back of the throat over the entrance of the trachea

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Description

Test your knowledge on the structure of laryngeal cartilages and muscles involved in the larynx. Identify and understand the functions and characteristics of different cartilages and muscles in the laryngeal region.

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